| Autor: |
Santos VJD; Universidade Federal de Santa Maria - UFSM, Departamento de Ciências Agronômicas e Ambientais, Frederico Westphalen, RS, Brasil., Barros G; Universidade Federal de Santa Maria - UFSM, Departamento de Ciências Agronômicas e Ambientais, Frederico Westphalen, RS, Brasil., Moreira TF; Universidade Federal de Santa Maria - UFSM, Departamento de Ciências Agronômicas e Ambientais, Frederico Westphalen, RS, Brasil., Giovenardi AR; Universidade Federal de Santa Maria - UFSM, Departamento de Ciências Agronômicas e Ambientais, Frederico Westphalen, RS, Brasil., Magalhães JB; Universidade Federal de Santa Maria - UFSM, Departamento de Solos, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciência do Solo, Santa Maria, RS, Brasil., Steffen GPK; Secretaria da Agricultura, Pecuária, Produção Sustentável e Irrigação - SEAPI, Departamento de Diagnóstico e Pesquisa Agropecuária - DDPA, Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil., Stürmer SL; Universidade Regional de Blumenau - FURB, Blumenau, SC, Brasil., Silva RFD; Universidade Federal de Santa Maria - UFSM, Departamento de Ciências Agronômicas e Ambientais, Frederico Westphalen, RS, Brasil. |
| Abstrakt: |
Yerba mate (Ilex paraguariensis) represents a culture of economic, social, and ecological importance for the cultivation regions. Due to the chemical, physical, and biological variations that occur in the different soils where yerba mate is economically exploited, the symbiotic associations with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) guarantee the plant's ability to absorb nutrients. The purpose of this study was to identify and quantify the occurrence of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in different environments of yerba mate cultivation. The research was performed in four areas located in the rural area of the municipality of Seberi/RS: Environment with production of yerba mate in the conventional system, silvopastoral system, organic system, and native forest. The normality of residuals and homogeneity of variances assumptions were verified using the Lilliefors and Chi-square tests and the averages compared by the Tukey's test at 5% probability of error. In addition to calculations of diversity, equivalent species, and evenness indices. The presence of AMF spores showed a direct relationship with the phosphorus (P) availability in each treatment, with a count reduction in the organic system, with P content lower than 3 mg kg-1 of soil. The species with the highest predominance were the Acaulosporaceae (Acaulospora colombiana, A. delicata, and A. tuberculata), followed by the Glomaceae (Glomus ambisporum and Glomus pansihalos) in the conventional and silvopastoral systems. The silvopastoral and conventional systems showed the highest levels of Shannon-Weaver diversity (H') and Pielou's evenness, demonstrating greater diversity and consequently greater richness and uniformity. |
