Prevalence, Incidence, and Mortality of Myasthenia Gravis and Myasthenic Syndromes: A Systematic Review.

Autor:	Sciancalepore F; National Center for Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Italian National Institute of Health, Rome, Italy.; Department of Human Neuroscience, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy., Lombardi N; Department of Neuroscience, Psychology, Drug Research and Child Health, University of Florence, Florence, Italy., Valdiserra G; Unit of Pharmacology and Pharmacovigilance, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy., Bonaso M; Unit of Pharmacology and Pharmacovigilance, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy., Cappello E; Unit of Pharmacology and Pharmacovigilance, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy., Hyeraci G; Regional Health Agency of Tuscany, Pharmacoepidemiology Unit, Florence, Italy., Crescioli G; Department of Neuroscience, Psychology, Drug Research and Child Health, University of Florence, Florence, Italy., Celani MG; Neurophysiopathology, Perugia Hospital, Perugia, Italy., Cantisani TA; Neurophysiopathology, Perugia Hospital, Perugia, Italy., Brunori P; Neurophysiopathology, Perugia Hospital, Perugia, Italy., Vecchi S; Department of Epidemiology, Lazio Regional Health Service, Rome, Italy., Bacigalupo I; National Center for Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Italian National Institute of Health, Rome, Italy., Locuratolo N; National Center for Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Italian National Institute of Health, Rome, Italy., Lacorte E; National Center for Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Italian National Institute of Health, Rome, Italy., Vanacore N; National Center for Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Italian National Institute of Health, Rome, Italy., Kirchmayer U; Department of Epidemiology, Lazio Regional Health Service, Rome, Italy.
Jazyk:	angličtina
Zdroj:	Neuroepidemiology [Neuroepidemiology] 2024 Oct 09, pp. 1-14. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Oct 09.
DOI:	10.1159/000539577
Abstrakt:	Introduction: No systematic reviews were published in the last years investigating epidemiological data, involving myasthenia gravis (MG) and related myasthenic syndromes. This systematic review aimed to estimate the prevalence, incidence, and mortality of all MG types and myasthenic syndromes worldwide. Methods: All literature published up to February 2024 was retrieved by searching the databases "Medline," "Embase," "ISI Web of Science" and "CINAHL" using the following search terms: (epidemiolog* OR frequency OR prevalence OR incidence OR mortality) AND (myasth* OR "anti-acetylcholine receptor antibody" OR "AChR" OR "MuSK" OR "anti-muscle specific kinase antibody" OR "LRP4" OR "seronegative MG"). Results: A total of 94 studies, performed between 1952 and 2022, were included. Prevalence of MG ranged from 20 to 475 cases per million, with a mean prevalence of 173.3 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 129.7-215.5) cases per million and a median prevalence of 129.6 cases per million. Incidence rates ranged from 2.3 to 61.3 cases per million person-years, with a mean incidence of 15.7 (95% CI: 11.5-19.9) and a median of 13.3 cases. Mortality rates showed a mean of 1.4 (95% CI: 0.8-2.1) cases per million person-years. Acetylcholine receptor (AChR)-MG was the clinical subtype more frequent in terms of prevalence and incidence. Discussion: The prevalence and incidence of MG have significantly increased over the last years worldwide, probably due to the improvement of epidemiological methodologies and current advances in diagnosis. However, we observed a significant variation in frequencies of MG between and within countries because of methodological biases and complex heterogeneity of the disease characterized by several phenotypes and different clinical responses. (© 2024 The Author(s). Published by S. Karger AG, Basel.)
Databáze:	MEDLINE
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