Seroprevalence and risk factors for Lassa virus infection in South-West and North-Central Nigeria: a community-based cross-sectional study.

Autor: Tiamiyu AB; HJF Medical Research International Ltd/Gte, Abuja, Nigeria.; Viral Diseases Program, Center for Infectious Disease Research, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, United States of America., Adegbite OA; 68 Nigerian Army Reference Hospital, Lagos, Nigeria.; Health Initiatives For Safety and Stability in Africa, Abuja, Nigeria., Freides O; Center for Infectious Disease Research, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, United States of America.; Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Inc, Bethesda, MD, United States of America., Frndak S; Center for Infectious Disease Research, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, United States of America.; Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Inc, Bethesda, MD, United States of America., Mohammed SS; HJF Medical Research International Ltd/Gte, Abuja, Nigeria., Broach E; Center for Infectious Disease Research, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, United States of America.; Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Inc, Bethesda, MD, United States of America., Lombardi K; Center for Infectious Disease Research, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, United States of America.; Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Inc, Bethesda, MD, United States of America., Anyebe V; HJF Medical Research International Ltd/Gte, Abuja, Nigeria., Akiga R; HJF Medical Research International Ltd/Gte, Abuja, Nigeria.; Defence Reference Laboratory, Abuja, Nigeria., Okeke NC; HJF Medical Research International Ltd/Gte, Abuja, Nigeria., Feyisayo JE; HJF Medical Research International Ltd/Gte, Abuja, Nigeria.; Defence Reference Laboratory, Abuja, Nigeria., Ugwuezumba O; HJF Medical Research International Ltd/Gte, Abuja, Nigeria., Akinde C; 68 Nigerian Army Reference Hospital, Lagos, Nigeria.; Health Initiatives For Safety and Stability in Africa, Abuja, Nigeria., Osuji A; HJF Medical Research International Ltd/Gte, Abuja, Nigeria., Agu N; HJF Medical Research International Ltd/Gte, Abuja, Nigeria., Analogbei T; Ministry of Defence Health Implementation Programme, Abuja, Nigeria., Ekweremadu C; HJF Medical Research International Ltd/Gte, Abuja, Nigeria., Bartolanzo D; Center for Infectious Disease Research, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, United States of America.; Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Inc, Bethesda, MD, United States of America., Prins P; Viral Diseases Program, Center for Infectious Disease Research, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, United States of America., Fan Y; Center for Infectious Disease Research, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, United States of America.; Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Inc, Bethesda, MD, United States of America., Emekaili D; 68 Nigerian Army Reference Hospital, Lagos, Nigeria.; Health Initiatives For Safety and Stability in Africa, Abuja, Nigeria., Abah F; HJF Medical Research International Ltd/Gte, Abuja, Nigeria., Chiwetelu V; HJF Medical Research International Ltd/Gte, Abuja, Nigeria., Dike P; HJF Medical Research International Ltd/Gte, Abuja, Nigeria., Isaiah E; 68 Nigerian Army Reference Hospital, Lagos, Nigeria.; Health Initiatives For Safety and Stability in Africa, Abuja, Nigeria., Ayogu M; HJF Medical Research International Ltd/Gte, Abuja, Nigeria., Ogunkelu E; Health Initiatives For Safety and Stability in Africa, Abuja, Nigeria., Agbaim UC; 68 Nigerian Army Reference Hospital, Lagos, Nigeria., Bukunmi A; Health Initiatives For Safety and Stability in Africa, Abuja, Nigeria., Adamu Y; HJF Medical Research International Ltd/Gte, Abuja, Nigeria., Mebrahtu T; Center for Infectious Disease Research, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, United States of America.; Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Inc, Bethesda, MD, United States of America., Zuppe A; Center for Infectious Disease Research, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, United States of America.; Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Inc, Bethesda, MD, United States of America., Johnston M; Center for Infectious Disease Research, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, United States of America.; Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Inc, Bethesda, MD, United States of America., Modjarrad K; Viral Diseases Program, Center for Infectious Disease Research, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, United States of America., Meri H; United States Army Medical Research Directorate-Africa, Abuja, Nigeria., Parker Z; Center for Infectious Disease Research, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, United States of America.; Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Inc, Bethesda, MD, United States of America., Akinwale E; HJF Medical Research International Ltd/Gte, Abuja, Nigeria., McCauley MD; Viral Diseases Program, Center for Infectious Disease Research, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, United States of America.; Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Inc, Bethesda, MD, United States of America., Schluck G; Center for Infectious Disease Research, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, United States of America.; Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Inc, Bethesda, MD, United States of America., King DB; Health Initiatives For Safety and Stability in Africa, Abuja, Nigeria., Eller LA; Center for Infectious Disease Research, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, United States of America.; Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Inc, Bethesda, MD, United States of America., Okeji N; Ministry of Defence Health Implementation Programme, Abuja, Nigeria., Ayemoba OR; Ministry of Defence Health Implementation Programme, Abuja, Nigeria., Collins ND; Viral Diseases Program, Center for Infectious Disease Research, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, United States of America., Iroezindu MO; HJF Medical Research International Ltd/Gte, Abuja, Nigeria.; Viral Diseases Program, Center for Infectious Disease Research, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, United States of America., Hakre S; Viral Diseases Program, Center for Infectious Disease Research, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, United States of America. shakre@eidresearch.org.; Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Inc, Bethesda, MD, United States of America. shakre@eidresearch.org.; Viral Diseases Program, 6720-A Rockledge Drive, Suite 400, Bethesda, MD, 20817, USA. shakre@eidresearch.org.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: BMC infectious diseases [BMC Infect Dis] 2024 Oct 08; Vol. 24 (1), pp. 1118. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Oct 08.
DOI: 10.1186/s12879-024-09954-1
Abstrakt: Background: Understanding the level of exposure to Lassa virus (LASV) in at-risk communities allows for the administration of effective preventive interventions to mitigate epidemics of Lassa fever. We assessed the seroprevalence of LASV antibodies in rural and semiurban communities of two cosmopolitan cities in Nigeria with poorly understood Lassa epidemiology.
Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in ten communities located in the Abuja Municipal Area Council (AMAC), Abuja, and Ikorodu Local Government Area (LGA), Lagos, from February 2nd to July 5th, 2022. Serum samples collected from participants were analyzed for IgG and IgM antibodies using a ReLASV ® Pan-Lassa NP IgG/IgM enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kit. A questionnaire administered to participants collected self-reported sociodemographic and LASV exposure information. Seroprevalence of LASV IgG/IgM was estimated overall, and by study site. Univariate and multivariate log-binomial models estimated unadjusted and adjusted prevalence ratios (aPRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for site-specific risk factors for LASV seropositivity. Grouped Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator (LASSO) was used for variable selection for multivariate analysis.
Results: A total of 628 participants with serum samples were included in the study. Most participants were female (434, 69%), married (459, 73%), and had a median age of 38 years (interquartile range 28-50). The overall seroprevalence was 27% (171/628), with a prevalence of 33% (126/376) in Abuja and 18% (45/252) in Lagos. Based on site-specific grouped LASSO selection, enrollment in the dry season (vs. wet; aPR, 95% CI: 1.73, 1.33-2.24), reported inconsistent washing of fruits and vegetables (aPR, 95% CI: 1.45, 1.10-1.92), and a positive malaria rapid test (aPR, 95% CI: 1.48, 1.09-2.00) were independently associated with LASV seropositivity in Abuja, whereas, only a self-reported history of rhinorrhea (PR, 95% CI: 2.21, 1.31-3.72) was independently associated with Lassa seropositivity in Lagos.
Conclusions: The LASV seroprevalence was comparable to that in other areas in Nigeria. Our findings corroborate those from other studies on the importance of limiting human exposure to rodents and focusing on behavioral factors such as poor hygiene practices to reduce exposure to LASV.
(© 2024. The Author(s).)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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