Evaluation of ARFI elastography for detecting active mastitis in sheep with previous fibrous lesions: a study of mammary parenchyma and supramammary lymph nodes.

Autor:	Bonacin YDS; Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, Universidade Estadual Paulista 'Júlio de Mesquita Filho', Departamento de Clínica e Cirurgia Veterinária, Jaboticabal, SP, Brasil., Santos VJC; Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, Universidade Estadual Paulista 'Júlio de Mesquita Filho', Departamento de Patologia, Reprodução e Saúde Única, Jaboticabal, SP, Brasil., Maronezi MC; Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, Universidade Estadual Paulista 'Júlio de Mesquita Filho', Departamento de Clínica e Cirurgia Veterinária, Jaboticabal, SP, Brasil., Aires LPN; Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, Universidade Estadual Paulista 'Júlio de Mesquita Filho', Departamento de Clínica e Cirurgia Veterinária, Jaboticabal, SP, Brasil., Machado MP; Centro Universitário Moura Lacerda - Campus Unit, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brasil., Barbosa BL; Centro Universitário Moura Lacerda - Campus Unit, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brasil., Santana AM; Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Departamento de Medicina Veterinária, Maringá, PR, Brasil., Del'Aguila-Silva P; Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, Universidade Estadual Paulista 'Júlio de Mesquita Filho', Departamento de Clínica e Cirurgia Veterinária, Jaboticabal, SP, Brasil., Canola PA; Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, Universidade Estadual Paulista 'Júlio de Mesquita Filho', Departamento de Clínica e Cirurgia Veterinária, Jaboticabal, SP, Brasil., Feliciano MAR; Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, Universidade Estadual Paulista 'Júlio de Mesquita Filho', Departamento de Clínica e Cirurgia Veterinária, Jaboticabal, SP, Brasil.; Faculdade de Zootecnia e Engenharia de Alimentos, Universidade de São Paulo, Departamento de Medicina Veterinária, Pirassununga, SP, Brasil., Marques JA; Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, Universidade Estadual Paulista 'Júlio de Mesquita Filho', Departamento de Clínica e Cirurgia Veterinária, Jaboticabal, SP, Brasil.
Jazyk:	angličtina
Zdroj:	Animal reproduction [Anim Reprod] 2024 Sep 23; Vol. 21 (4), pp. e20230160. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Sep 23 (Print Publication: 2024).
DOI:	10.1590/1984-3143-AR2023-0160
Abstrakt:	The aim of the study was to evaluate the use of Acustic Radiation Force Impulse (ARFI) elastography in mammary parenchyma and supramammary lymph nodes, for detection of active mastitis in sheep with naturally infected chronic fibrous lesions. 27 female sheep were included and B-mode ultrasound and ARFI elastography images were obtained, acquiring qualitative (echogenicity and echotexture) and quantitative (shear rate, depth and short/long axis ratio) variables of 48 mammary glands. The glands were divided into three experimental groups: control group (CG) - healthy animals; LSCC- animals that presented fibrous lesions and SCC (somatic cell count) less than 500 x 10 3 cls/mL; HSCC: animals that presented fibrous lesions and SCC (somatic cell count) more than 500 x 10 3 cls/mL; The qualitative variables using B-mode ultrasonography, including echotexture and echogenicity, showed no significant differences between the evaluated groups and tissues (p = 0.9336 and p = 0.233, respectively) .In healthy areas of the gland, it was an increasing in shear wave velocity (SWV) in LSCC than in HSCC (p=0.04). When comparing the fibrosis in the LSCC and HSCC groups with their respective normal areas, the velocity increased in both groups: LSCC (p= 0,0007) and HSCC (p= 0,0001). When comparing the areas of fibrosis in LSCC and HSCC with the CG parenchyma, there was an increase in LSCC (p=0.001) and HSCC (p=0.0001). B-mode ultrasound indicate predominance of hypoechoic echogenicity in lymph nodes and reduced short/long axis ratio in cases of active subclinical mastitis. The supramammary lymph node showed increased SWV when comparing the CG with HSCC groups (p=0.02) and GC with LSCC (p=0.04). B-mode ultrasonography is useful for evaluating the mammary parenchyma, however, its application as a standalone diagnostic technique is not recommended. ARFI elastography indicates potential cutoff points for differentiating subclinical mastitis from healed mastitis, highlighting its importance as a tool for distinguishing normal areas from fibrous parenchymal areas. While this study did not establish specific cutoff points due to sample size limitations, further research with larger sample sizes could explore and define these critical thresholds. Competing Interests: Conflicts of interest: None. (Copyright © The Author(s).)
Databáze:	MEDLINE
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