Anatomy and Embryology of the Middle Ear, Labyrinth, and Intracranial Vestibular Pathways.

Autor: Alves IS; Head and Neck Radiology and Neuroradiology Section, Department of Radiology, Hospital Sírio-Libanês, São Paulo, SP, Brazil; Neuroradiology Section, Department of Radiology, Hospital Sírio-Libanês, São Paulo, SP, Brazil. Electronic address: alvesisabelamd@gmail.com., Martin MDGM; Neuroradiology Section, Department of Radiology, Hospital Sírio-Libanês, São Paulo, SP, Brazil; Neuroradiology Section, Instituto de Radiologia, Hospital das Clinicas da Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil. Electronic address: maria.martin@hc.fm.usp.br.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Seminars in ultrasound, CT, and MR [Semin Ultrasound CT MR] 2024 Oct; Vol. 45 (5), pp. 353-359. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Oct 05.
DOI: 10.1053/j.sult.2024.09.002
Abstrakt: The intricate anatomy and embryology of the middle ear, labyrinth, and vertigo-related intracranial pathways involve complex developmental processes and contributions from multiple germ layers. The middle ear, comprised of the tympanic cavity, ossicles, and Eustachian tube, develops from the first and second branchial arches and clefts. In contrast, the inner ear originates from the otic vesicle, forming the bony and membranous labyrinths. The embryological timeline spans from the 40th day of gestation to the 24th week. The vestibulocochlear nerve (VIII cranial nerve) emerges with the inner ear structures and is essential for auditory and vestibular functions. The brainstem integrates sensory inputs from the labyrinth through various nuclei and pathways, contributing to balance and spatial awareness. This review highlights the critical developmental stages and anatomical details relevant to understanding auditory and vestibular system disorders.
(Copyright © 2024 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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