Sociodemographic and dietary predictors of maternal and placental mycoestrogen concentrations in a US pregnancy cohort.

Autor: Kinkade CW; Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences Institute, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ, USA. Caw136@scarletmail.rutgers.edu., Brinker A; Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences Institute, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ, USA., Buckley B; Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences Institute, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ, USA., Waysack O; Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA., Fernandez ID; Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA., Kautz A; Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA., Meng Y; School of Nursing, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA., Shi H; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA., Brunner J; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA., Ohman-Strickland P; Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Rutgers School of Public Health, Piscataway, NJ, USA., Groth SW; School of Nursing, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA., O'Connor TG; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA.; Department of Psychiatry, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA., Aleksunes LM; Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences Institute, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ, USA.; Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ, USA., Barrett ES; Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences Institute, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ, USA.; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA.; Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Rutgers School of Public Health, Piscataway, NJ, USA., Rivera-Núñez Z; Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences Institute, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ, USA.; Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Rutgers School of Public Health, Piscataway, NJ, USA.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Journal of exposure science & environmental epidemiology [J Expo Sci Environ Epidemiol] 2024 Oct 04. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Oct 04.
DOI: 10.1038/s41370-024-00722-6
Abstrakt: Background: Zearalenone (ZEN) is a mycotoxin contaminating grains and processed foods. ZEN alters nuclear estrogen receptor α/β signaling earning its designation as a mycoestrogen. Experimental evidence demonstrates that mycoestrogen exposure during pregnancy is associated with altered maternal sex steroid hormones, changes in placental size, and decreases in fetal weight and length. While mycoestrogens have been detected in human biospecimens worldwide, exposure assessment of ZEN in US populations, particularly during pregnancy, is lacking.
Objective: To characterize urinary and placental concentrations of ZEN and its metabolites in healthy US pregnant people and examine demographic, perinatal, and dietary predictors of exposure.
Methods: Urine samples were collected in each trimester from pregnant participants in the UPSIDE study and placenta samples were collected at delivery (Rochester, NY, n = 317). We used high performance liquid chromatography and high-resolution tandem mass spectrometry to measure total urinary (ng/ml) and placental mycoestrogens (ng/g). Using linear regression and linear mixed effect models, we examined associations between mycoestrogen concentrations and demographic, perinatal, and dietary factors (Healthy Eating Index [HEI], ultra-processed food [UPF] consumption).
Results: Mycoestrogens were detected in 97% of urines (median 0.323 ng/ml) and 84% of placentas (median 0.012 ng/g). Stability of urinary mycoestrogens across pregnancy was low (ICC: 0.16-0.22) and did not correlate with placental levels. In adjusted models, parity (multiparous) and pre-pregnancy BMI (higher) predicted higher urinary concentrations. Birth season (fall) corresponded with higher placental mycoestrogens. Dietary analyses indicated that higher HEI (healthier diets) predicted lower exposure (e.g., Σmycoestrogens %∆ -2.03; 95%CI -3.23, -0.81) and higher percent calories from UPF predicted higher exposure (e.g., Σmycoestrogens %∆ 1.26; 95%CI 0.29, 2.24).
Impact: The mycotoxin, zearalenone (ZEN), has been linked to adverse health and reproductive impacts in animal models and livestock. Despite evidence of widespread human exposure, relatively little is known about predictors of exposure. In a pregnant population, we observed that maternal ZEN concentrations varied by maternal pre-pregnancy BMI and parity. Consumption of ultra-processed foods, added sugars, and refined grains were linked to higher ZEN concentrations while healthier diets were associated with lower levels. Our research suggests disparities in exposure that are likely due to diet. Further research is needed to understand the impacts of ZEN on maternal and offspring health.
(© 2024. The Author(s).)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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