Physalia gonodendra are not yet sexually mature when released.

Autor: Oguchi K; Misaki Marine Biological Station, The University of Tokyo, Miura, 238-0225, Kanagawa, Japan. k.ohgreen226@gmail.com.; Department of Biology, Undergraduate School of Biological Sciences, Tokai University, Sapporo, 005-8601, Hokkaido, Japan. k.ohgreen226@gmail.com., Yamamoto G; Enoshima Aquarium, Katasekaigan, Fujisawa, 251-0035, Kanagawa, Japan., Kohtsuka H; Misaki Marine Biological Station, The University of Tokyo, Miura, 238-0225, Kanagawa, Japan., Dunn CW; Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Curator of Invertebrate Zoology, Peabody Museum, Yale University, 170 Whitney Ave, New Haven, CT, 06511, USA.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Scientific reports [Sci Rep] 2024 Oct 03; Vol. 14 (1), pp. 23011. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Oct 03.
DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-73611-5
Abstrakt: The blue bottle genus Physalia is one of the well-known siphonophore belonging to the Cnidaria, Hydrozoa. Physalia is also known as a ferocious predator, occasionally stinging and fatally wounding humans, but key details of its life cycle and reproductive biology are unclear. Physalia have separate sexes, and sexual reproduction occurs through the release of complex structures called gonodendra that contain many gonophores that will release either eggs or sperm. It is not known how mature the gonophores are when the gonodendra are released. In this study, we aim to characterize germ cell maturation by conducting histological, cytological, and gene expression analyses of the gonodendron of Physalia utriculus from Japan. We found a layered structure of the gonophore, consistent with other studies; however, gametes were not found even in gonophores that were within the released gonodendra. Moreover, haploid cells were not detected by flow cytometry. Analysis of the expression of putative germ cell marker and meiosis related genes showed high expression in the gonophore. These results strongly suggest that germ cells do not mature until after gonodendra are released. These findings provide valuable insights into the reproductive ecology and life cycle of Physalia.
(© 2024. The Author(s).)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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