Risk Factors for the Development of Ocular Complications in Herpes Zoster Ophthalmicus and Zoster Vaccine Utilization in a Large, Urban Health System.

Autor: Lobo-Chan AM; From the University of Illinois at Chicago, Illinois Eye and Ear Infirmary, Chicago, Illinois, USA. Electronic address: alobo2@uic.edu., Song A; From the University of Illinois at Chicago, Illinois Eye and Ear Infirmary, Chicago, Illinois, USA., Kadakia A; From the University of Illinois at Chicago, Illinois Eye and Ear Infirmary, Chicago, Illinois, USA., Mehta SD; From the University of Illinois at Chicago, Illinois Eye and Ear Infirmary, Chicago, Illinois, USA.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: American journal of ophthalmology [Am J Ophthalmol] 2025 Jan; Vol. 269, pp. 435-449. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Oct 01.
DOI: 10.1016/j.ajo.2024.09.028
Abstrakt: Purpose: To characterize the epidemiology of herpes zoster (HZ) and herpes zoster ophthalmicus (HZO) in an urban hospital system and determine risk factors associated with developing ocular complications in HZO. To report the frequency of shingles vaccination and HZ reactivation following shingles vaccination in this population.
Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted on patients seen at the University of Illinois Hospital system from January 1, 2010 to December 1, 2021 with HZ and HZO identified by diagnosis code. Charts of HZO patients seen within 1 year of diagnosis were abstracted. Multivariable logistic regression analysis identified factors associated with the development of ocular complications in HZO.
Results: During the study period, 3283 patients had HZ; mean age of onset was 52.3 years, 61.6% were female, and 37% were Black. HZO with ocular involvement was seen in 110 (3.4%) patients. Ocular complications developed in 40 (36.4%) patients; the most common complication was corneal scarring (70%). Age (odds ratio [OR] 1.04, 95%CI 1.0-1.1), female gender (OR 2.86, 95%CI 1.0-8.1), steroids at initial visit (4.46, 95%CI 1.4-14.6), and stromal keratitis (OR 3.45, 95% CI 1.2, 9.8) were associated with developing ocular complications. Of eligible populations, 5333 (1.5%) received shingles vaccination; 43 patients developed reactivation of HZ following vaccination.
Conclusions: In HZO, age, female gender, steroids at initial visit, and stromal keratitis are strongly associated with developing ocular complications. Shingles vaccination rates were low in this study population. Understanding potential for complications in HZ/HZO and vaccination uptake can help identify at risk populations to prevent disease. NOTE: Publication of this article is sponsored by the American Ophthalmological Society.
(Copyright © 2024 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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