| Autor: |
Sanz-Villafruela J; Universidad de Burgos, Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias, Plaza Misael Bañuelos s/n, Burgos 09001, Spain., Bermejo-Casadesús C; Universitat de Girona, Departament de Biologia, Facultat de Ciències, Maria Aurelia Capmany 40, Girona 17003, Spain., Riesco-Llach G; LIPPSO, Departament de Química, Facultat de Ciències, Universitat de Girona, Maria Aurelia Capmany 69, Girona 17003, Spain., Iglesias M; Universitat de Girona, Departament de Química, Facultat de Ciències, Maria Aurelia Capmany 69, Girona 17003, Spain., Martínez-Alonso M; Universidad de Burgos, Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias, Plaza Misael Bañuelos s/n, Burgos 09001, Spain., Planas M; LIPPSO, Departament de Química, Facultat de Ciències, Universitat de Girona, Maria Aurelia Capmany 69, Girona 17003, Spain., Feliu L; LIPPSO, Departament de Química, Facultat de Ciències, Universitat de Girona, Maria Aurelia Capmany 69, Girona 17003, Spain., Espino G; Universidad de Burgos, Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias, Plaza Misael Bañuelos s/n, Burgos 09001, Spain., Massaguer A; Universitat de Girona, Departament de Biologia, Facultat de Ciències, Maria Aurelia Capmany 40, Girona 17003, Spain. |
| Abstrakt: |
Despite advances in Ir(III) and Ru(II) photosensitizers (PSs), their lack of selectivity for cancer cells has hindered their use in photodynamic therapy (PDT). We disclose the synthesis and characterization of two pairs of Ir(III) and Ru(II) polypyridyl complexes bearing two β-carboline ligands (N^N') functionalized with -COOMe ( L1 ) or -COOH ( L2 ), resulting in PSs of formulas [Ir(C^N) 2 (N^N')]Cl ( Ir-Me: C^N = ppy, N^N' = L1 ; Ir-H: C^N = ppy, N^N' = L2 ) and [Ru(N^N) 2 (N^N')](Cl) 2 ( Ru-Me: N^N = bpy, N^N' = L1; Ru-H: N^N = bpy, N^N' = L2 ). To enhance their selectivity toward cancer cells, Ir-H and Ru-H were coupled to a bombesin derivative ( BN3 ), resulting in the metallopeptides Ir-BN and Ru-BN . Ir(III) complexes showed higher anticancer activity than their Ru(II) counterparts, particularly upon blue light irradiation, but lacked cancer cell selectivity. In contrast, Ir-BN and Ru-BN exhibited selective photocytoxicity against prostate cancer cells, with a lower effect against nonmalignant fibroblasts. All compounds generated ROS and induced severe mitochondrial toxicity upon photoactivation, leading to apoptosis. Additionally, the ability of Ir-Me to oxidize NADH was demonstrated, suggesting a mechanism for mitochondrial damage. Our findings indicated that the conjugation of metal PSs with BN3 creates efficient PDT agents, achieving selectivity through targeting bombesin receptors and local photoactivation. |
