Association of a composite trait for anthropometrics, adiposity and energy expenditure with cardiometabolic diseases: An age-stratified cohort and genetic risk score analysis.

Autor: Meulmeester FL; Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Gerontology and Geriatrics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands., van Dijk KW; Department of Human Genetics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands.; Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands., van Heemst D; Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Gerontology and Geriatrics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands., Noordam R; Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Gerontology and Geriatrics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Diabetes, obesity & metabolism [Diabetes Obes Metab] 2024 Dec; Vol. 26 (12), pp. 5922-5930. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Oct 02.
DOI: 10.1111/dom.15966
Abstrakt: Aim: Various anthropometric measures capture distinct as well as overlapping characteristics of an individual's body composition. To characterize independent body composition measures, we aimed to reduce easily-obtainable individual measures reflecting adiposity, anthropometrics and energy expenditure into fewer independent constructs, and to assess their potential sex- and age-specific relation with cardiometabolic diseases.
Methods: Analyses were performed within European ancestry participants from UK Biobank (N = 418,963, mean age 58.0 years, 56% women). Principal components (PC) analyses were used for the dimension reduction of 11 measures of adiposity, anthropometrics and energy expenditure. PCs were studied in relation to incident type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D) and coronary artery disease (CAD). Multivariable-adjusted Cox regression analyses, adjusted for confounding factors, were performed in all and stratified by age. Genome-wide association studies were performed in half of the cohort (N = 156,295) to identify genetic variants as instrumental variables. Genetic risk score analyses were performed in the other half of the cohort stratified by age of disease onset (N = 156,295).
Results: We identified two PCs, of which PC1 reflected lower overall adiposity (negatively correlated with all adiposity aspects) and PC2 reflected more central adiposity (mainly correlated with higher waist-hip ratio, but with lower total body fat) and increased height, collectively capturing 87.8% of the total variance. Similar to that observed in the multivariable-adjusted regression analyses, we found associations between the PC1 genetic risk score and lower risks of CAD and T2D [CAD cases <50 years, odds ratio: 0.91 (95% confidence interval 0.87, 0.94) per SD; T2D cases <50 years, odds ratio: 0.76 (0.72, 0.81)], which attenuated with higher age (p-values 8.13E-4 and 2.41E-6, respectively). No associations were found for PC2.
Conclusions: The consistently observed weaker associations of the composite traits with cardiometabolic disease suggests the need for age-specific cardiometabolic disease prevention strategies.
(© 2024 The Author(s). Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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