Impact of SARS-CoV-2 viral load on restrictive spirometry patterns in mild COVID-19 recovered middle-aged individuals: a six-month prospective study.

Autor: Abbas U; Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, Pakistan. uzair.abbas@duhs.edu.pk.; Aga Khan University hospital, Karachi, Pakistan. uzair.abbas@duhs.edu.pk., Ahmed I; Sindh Infectious Diseases Hospital and Research Center, DUHS, Karachi, Pakistan., Afshan S; Sindh Infectious Diseases Hospital and Research Center, DUHS, Karachi, Pakistan., Jogezai ZH; Aga Khan University hospital, Karachi, Pakistan., Kumar P; Liaquat University of Medical and Health Sciences, Thatta campus, Thatta, Pakistan., Ahsan A; Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, Pakistan., Rehan F; Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, Pakistan., Hussain N; Liaquat University of Medical and Health Sciences, Jamshoro, Pakistan., Faheem S; Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, Pakistan., Baloch IA; Lehigh valley Hospital Cedar Crest, Allentown Pennsylvania, USA., Yameen M; Aga Khan University hospital, Karachi, Pakistan.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: BMC infectious diseases [BMC Infect Dis] 2024 Oct 01; Vol. 24 (1), pp. 1089. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Oct 01.
DOI: 10.1186/s12879-024-09959-w
Abstrakt: Background: Long term respiratory complications of Corona Virus Disease-2019 (COVID-19) are of great concern. Many studies have reported altered respiratory patterns in COVID-19 recovered individuals and most of them were from severe to critically ill patients. The association of viral load at the time of infection with symptoms of long COVID-19 specifically on pulmonary functions after months of recovery is still not known. This study was aimed to assess the impact of SARS-CoV-2 viral load during mild-moderate COVID-19 disease on pulmonary functions in middle-aged population after 6-8 months of acute infection.
Methods: This study included 300 (102 healthy controls and 198 COVID-19 recovered) individuals between age 30-60 of either gender. Mild-moderate COVID-19 recovered individuals were recruited between a period of 6-8 months post-acute infection. Spirometry was performed with MIR-Spirolab-III. The association of spirometry pattern was compared with SARS-CoV-2 viral loads during acute infection.
Results: We observed up to 70% of the participants presented with either shortness of breath (11.5%), body aches (23.5%), recurrent cough (4.4%), recurrent respiratory infections (9.5%) and/or fatigue (33.3%) at follow up. In our study, 35.5% of COVID-19 recovered individuals had abnormal respiratory patterns (33.5% had restrictive and 2% had obstructive patterns). Viral load ≤ 20 CT value was associated with restrictive respiratory patterns (p = 0.004). No association was found between viral load and disease severity (p = 0.23).
Conclusion: In this study, we found one third of mild-moderate COVID-19 recovered individuals have restrictive respiratory patterns after 6-8 months of recovery. These findings had a strong association with SARS-CoV-2 viral loads during acute infection which has been reported for the first time in our study. Studying the relationship between viral load and pulmonary functions can contribute to identifying potential risk factors for long COVID and developing preventive measures to mitigate the long-term impact on lung health.
Clinical Trial Number: Not applicable.
(© 2024. The Author(s).)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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