Acceptance of COVID-19 vaccine booster doses among the Adult Population in Ghana: a cross-sectional study using the Health Belief Model.

Autor: Eshun G; Seventh-Day Adventist Hospital, Agona-Asamang, Ashanti Region, Ghana., Kyei-Arthur F; Department of Environment and Public Health, University of Environment and Sustainable Development, Somanya, Eastern Region, Ghana. fkyei-arthur@uesd.edu.gh., Abdou MS; Department of Epidemiology, High Institute of Public Health, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt., Agyekum MW; Institute for Educational Research and Innovation Studies, University of Education, Winneba, Central Region, Ghana., Sarfo M; School of Human and Health Sciences, University of Huddersfield, Huddersfield, UK., Agbenyeavu JK; Municipal Health Directorate, Ghana Health Service - Krachi West, Kete-Krachi, Volta Region, Ghana., Addai SA; Department of Science, Department of Educational Administration and Management, University of Education, Winneba, Central Region, Ghana., Adjei JA; University of Ghana Medical Center, Legon-Accra, Greater Accra Region, Ghana., Obeng N; Ahmadiyya Muslim Hospital, Techiman, Bono East Region, Ghana., Turzin JK; Department of Biomedical Science, College of Health and Allied Sciences, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Central Region, Ghana., Ghazy RM; Family and Community Medicine, College of Medicine, King Khalid University, Abha, Asir Province, Saudi Arabia.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: BMC public health [BMC Public Health] 2024 Sep 30; Vol. 24 (1), pp. 2673. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Sep 30.
DOI: 10.1186/s12889-024-20201-9
Abstrakt: Background: The Health Belief Model (HBM) is a widely utilised framework for understanding vaccination behaviour against COVID-19. This study assessed the acceptance of COVID-19 vaccine booster doses in Ghana and identified predictors using HBM domains, including perceived susceptibility, severity, benefits, barriers, self-efficacy, and cues to action. Additionally, it examined the sources of information about COVID-19 vaccines.
Methods: We employed a cross-sectional quantitative design, using convenient and snowball sampling methods to recruit participants. Between March 20 and May 10, 2023, 822 Ghanaians completed a predesigned self-administered online survey via commonly used social media platforms (WhatsApp, Facebook, X (Twitter), and LinkedIn). The study used a binary logistic regression to predict COVID-19 booster dose acceptance.
Results: The respondents had a mean age of 29.3 ± 6.2, with 55.5 being males, 53.0% being single/never married, 93.7% having tertiary education, 83.0% being Christians, 59.1% were healthcare workers, 57.8% residing in urban areas, 95.5% having no chronic disease, 90.6% reporting negative COVID-19 history, and 78.3% reporting no reported relative/friend infected with COVID-19. The study showed that 81.1% [95% confidence interval (CI) = 78.4 - 83.8%] of respondents received the COVID-19 vaccine, and 58.3% [95% CI = 54.2 - 62.5%] of respondents were willing to accept the COVID-19 booster dose. The main reasons for non-acceptance of COVID-19 vaccine booster doses were personal reasons (41.7%) and experienced side effects or fear of side effects (32.4%). Regression analysis revealed that perceived benefits and perceived barriers (specifically worrying about serious risk factors) were the significant predictors of accepting COVID-19 booster doses in Ghana.
Conclusions: Many respondents were willing to receive the COVID-19 booster dose. Personal reasons, fear of side effects, and experienced side effects were the main reasons for refusing COVID-19 booster doses. Perceived benefits and perceived barriers predicted COVID-19 booster dose acceptance in Ghana. Policymakers should consider these factors in designing public health interventions to increase the patronage of COVID-19 booster doses.
(© 2024. The Author(s).)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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