Impact of Climate Change on Reproductive Health and Pregnancy Outcomes: A Systematic Review.

Autor:	Papadiochou A; Department of Midwifery, University of West Attica, Athens, GRC., Diamanti A; Department of Midwifery, University of West Attica, Athens, GRC., Metallinou D; Department of Midwifery, University of West Attica, Athens, GRC., Georgakopoulou VE; Department of Pathophysiology/Pulmonology, Laiko General Hospital, Athens, GRC., Taskou C; Department of Midwifery, University of West Attica, Athens, GRC., Kagkouras I; Department of Surgery, London Hospital, London, GBR., Sarantaki A; Department of Midwifery, University of West Attica, Athens, GRC.
Jazyk:	angličtina
Zdroj:	Cureus [Cureus] 2024 Aug 30; Vol. 16 (8), pp. e68221. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Aug 30 (Print Publication: 2024).
DOI:	10.7759/cureus.68221
Abstrakt:	Climate change has emerged as a significant global health challenge, with growing evidence linking environmental factors to adverse reproductive health outcomes. The primary objective of this review is to assess the effects of climate change-driven environmental factors, such as air pollution and temperature extremes, on reproductive health outcomes, including fertility rates, miscarriage, preterm birth, and congenital anomalies. A comprehensive search of PubMed, Google Scholar, and Web of Science was conducted until July 2024. Studies included in the review were observational, experimental, and randomized controlled trials that reported quantitative data on reproductive outcomes in relation to climate-related environmental exposures. A total of 49 studies were selected for qualitative synthesis. The review found that increased exposure to particulate matter (PM2.5), extreme temperatures, and proximity to traffic were consistently associated with reduced fertility, increased risks of miscarriage, preterm birth, and low birth weight. Adverse effects were particularly pronounced among vulnerable populations, such as pregnant women of lower socioeconomic status and those living in disaster-prone areas. The studies also highlighted potential transgenerational effects, with prenatal exposure to environmental stressors influencing the long-term health of offspring. The findings underscore the urgent need for public health interventions and policies to mitigate environmental exposures that negatively impact reproductive health. Future research should focus on longitudinal and interventional studies to establish causal relationships and inform effective public health strategies. Competing Interests: Conflicts of interest: In compliance with the ICMJE uniform disclosure form, all authors declare the following: Payment/services info: All authors have declared that no financial support was received from any organization for the submitted work. Financial relationships: All authors have declared that they have no financial relationships at present or within the previous three years with any organizations that might have an interest in the submitted work. Other relationships: All authors have declared that there are no other relationships or activities that could appear to have influenced the submitted work. (Copyright © 2024, Papadiochou et al.)
Databáze:	MEDLINE
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