Subtranscriptome analysis of phospholipases D in Loxosceles venom glands: Confirmation of predominance, intra-species diversity, and description of novel isoforms.

Autor: Theodoro JL; Department of Cell Biology, Federal University of Paraná (UFPR), Curitiba 81530-900, PR, Brazil., da Justa HC; Department of Cell Biology, Federal University of Paraná (UFPR), Curitiba 81530-900, PR, Brazil., de Caires Schluga PH; Department of Cell Biology, Federal University of Paraná (UFPR), Curitiba 81530-900, PR, Brazil., Fischer ML; Centro de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Paraná (PUC-PR), Curitiba 80215-901, PR, Brazil., Minozzo JC; Production and Research Center of Immunobiological Products (CPPI), State Department of Health, Piraquara 83302-200, PR, Brazil., Gremski LH; Department of Cell Biology, Federal University of Paraná (UFPR), Curitiba 81530-900, PR, Brazil. Electronic address: luizagremski@ufpr.br., Veiga SS; Department of Cell Biology, Federal University of Paraná (UFPR), Curitiba 81530-900, PR, Brazil. Electronic address: veigass@ufpr.br.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: International journal of biological macromolecules [Int J Biol Macromol] 2024 Nov; Vol. 280 (Pt 4), pp. 136108. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Sep 27.
DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.136108
Abstrakt: Spiders of Loxosceles genus, or Brown spiders produce a potent venom with minimal volume and protein content. Among its toxins, phospholipases D (PLDs) are notable for causing primary local and systemic manifestations observed following envenomation. They degrade cellular phospholipids, mainly sphingomyelin and lysophosphatidylcholine. We present a robust and detailed analysis of PLD transcripts from venom glands of three major clinically relevant South American species-L. intermedia, L. laeta, and L. gaucho-using next-generation sequencing. Results confirmed that PLDs are the most highly expressed toxins, accounting for 65.4 % of expression in L. intermedia, 71.8 % in L. gaucho, and 50.4 % in L. laeta. These findings further support the idea that these enzymes form a protein family both within and across species. Eighteen contigs for PLDs were found for L. gaucho, 24 for L. intermedia, and 21 for L. laeta. A detailed analysis revealed that, although all contigs display conserved amino acid residues directly involved in catalysis, magnesium coordination, and substrate affinity, they also possess distinct primary sequences with important substitutions. Such data reinforces the hypothesis that these toxins may act synergistically. Furthermore, new PLD sequences were identified within the contigs. For L. intermedia, 14 potential new isoforms were identified; 16 for L gaucho; and 16 novel sequences for L. laeta. This indicates that there is still a wealth of undisclosed information about these toxins. These data will help identify structural and functional differences among these proteins, support future functional studies, and to the comprehensive understanding of the mechanism of action of PLDs.
Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare the following financial interests/personal relationships which may be considered as potential competing interests: Silvio Sanches Veiga reports financial support was provided by National Council for Scientific and Technological Development- Brazil. Silvio Sanches Veiga reports financial support was provided by Araucaria Foundation. Luiza Helena Gremski reports financial support was provided by National Council for Scientific and Technological Development - Brazil. Silvio Sanches Veiga reports a relationship with National Council for Scientific and Technological Development - Brazil that includes: funding grants. Silvio Sanches Veiga reports a relationship with Araucaria Foundation that includes: funding grants. Luiza Helena Gremski reports a relationship with National Council for Scientific and Technological Research that includes: funding grants. If there are other authors, they declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.
(Copyright © 2024 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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