Principles, challenges and prospects for electro-oxidation treatment of oilfield produced water.

Autor: de Aguiar Pedott V; Laboratory of Energy and Environment - LEMA, Department of Chemical and Food Engineering, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil., Della Rocca DG; Laboratory of Energy and Environment - LEMA, Department of Chemical and Food Engineering, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil., Weschenfelder SE; Petrobras Research Center - CENPES, 21941-915, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil., Mazur LP; Laboratory of Energy and Environment - LEMA, Department of Chemical and Food Engineering, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil., Gomez Gonzalez SY; Laboratory of Mass Transfer and Numerical Simulation of Chemical Systems - LABSIN-LABMASSA, Department of Chemical and Food Engineering, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil., Andrade CJ; Laboratory of Mass Transfer and Numerical Simulation of Chemical Systems - LABSIN-LABMASSA, Department of Chemical and Food Engineering, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil., Moreira RFPM; Laboratory of Energy and Environment - LEMA, Department of Chemical and Food Engineering, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil. Electronic address: regina.moreira@ufsc.br.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Journal of environmental management [J Environ Manage] 2024 Sep 28; Vol. 370, pp. 122638. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Sep 28.
DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2024.122638
Abstrakt: The oil industry is facing substantial environmental challenges, especially in managing waste streams such as Oilfield Produced Water (OPW), which represents a significant component of the industrial ecological footprint. Conventional treatment methods often fail to effectively remove dissolved oils and grease compounds, leading to operational difficulties and incomplete remediation. Electrochemical oxidation (EO) has emerged as a promising alternative due to its operational simplicity and ability to degrade pollutants directly and indirectly, which has already been applied in treating several effluents containing organic compounds. The application of EO treatment for OPW is still in an initial stage, due to the intricate nature of this matrix and scattered information about it. This study provides a technological overview of EO technology for OPW treatment, from laboratory scale to the development of large-scale prototypes, identifying design and process parameters that can potentially permit high efficiency, applicability, and commercial deployment. Research in this domain has demonstrated notable rates of removal of recalcitrant pollutants (>90%), utilizing active and non-active electrodes. Electro-generated active species, primarily from chloride, play a pivotal role in the oxidation of organic compounds. However, the highly saline conditions in OPW hinder the complete mineralization of these organics, which can be improved by using non-active anodes and lower salinity levels. The performance of electrodes greatly influences the efficiency and effectiveness of OPW treatment. Various factors must be considered when selecting the electrode material, such as its conductivity, stability, surface area, corrosion resistance, and cost. Additionally, the specific contaminants present in the OPW, and their electrochemical reactivity must be considered to ensure optimal treatment outcomes. Balancing these considerations can be challenging, but it is crucial for achieving successful OPW treatment. Active electrode materials exhibit a high affinity for chloride molecules, generating more active species than non-active materials, which exhibit more significant degradation potential due to the production of hydroxyl radicals. Regarding scale-up, key challenges include low current efficiency, the formation of by-products, electrode deactivation, and limitations in mass transfer. To address these issues, enhanced mass transfer rates and appropriate residence times can be achieved using flow-through mesh anodes and moderate current densities, which have proven to be the optimal configuration for this process.
Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.
(Copyright © 2024 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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