| Autor: |
Reynolds-Cortez V; Health and Social Research Centre, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, 16002 Cuenca, Spain.; Preventive Medicine, Hospital Virgen de la Luz, 16002 Cuenca, Spain., Criado-Álvarez JJ; Institute of Health Sciences, 45600 Talavera de la Reina, Spain.; Faculty of Health Science, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, 45600 Talavera de la Reina, Spain., Martinez-Vizcaino V; Health and Social Research Centre, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, 16002 Cuenca, Spain.; Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Talca 3460000, Chile., Pascual-Morena C; Health and Social Research Centre, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, 16002 Cuenca, Spain.; Facultad de Enfermería, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, 02071 Albacete, Spain., Salinas-Vilca A; Unidad de Calidad, Hospital Virgen de la Luz, 16002 Cuenca, Spain., Sequí-Domínguez I; Health and Social Research Centre, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, 16002 Cuenca, Spain. |
| Abstrakt: |
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) vaccination has been available for over four decades. However, a synthesis of the evidence regarding the effectiveness of this strategy on preventing hepatitis B infection in people who use drugs (PWUD) is lacking. A systematic search of the MEDLINE (via PubMed), SCOPUS, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library databases was conducted up to June 2024. Eight studies reported on the effectiveness of HBV vaccination, defined as a positive result for HBsAg or anti-Hbc in vaccinated versus non-vaccinated PWUD, with a pooled effect size of 52% (95% CI: 28.2-67.9) for HBsAg and 31.89% (95% CI: 14.8-45.5) for anti-Hbc. For sero-immunity, defined as the proportion of vaccinated PWUD with levels of anti-HBs ≥ 10 mIU/mL, we found that 66.2% (95% CI: 0.61-0.71; I2 = 94%) had protective levels of anti-HBs. The results of this meta-analysis indicate that the incidence of HBV infection is lower in vaccinated PWUD than in those who did not receive the vaccine. However, the effectiveness is lower than that observed in the general population. This highlights the need for a thorough review of the factors influencing the prevention of HBV infection in PWUD. |
