Immunomodulation in dengue: towards deciphering dengue severity markers.

Autor: Dash MK; School of Biotechnology, Kalinga Institute of Industrial Technology, Deemed to Be University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, 751024, India., Samal S; School of Biotechnology, Kalinga Institute of Industrial Technology, Deemed to Be University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, 751024, India., Rout S; School of Biotechnology, Kalinga Institute of Industrial Technology, Deemed to Be University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, 751024, India., Behera CK; Department of Pediatrics, Kalinga Institute of Medical Sciences, Deemed to Be University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, 751024, India., Sahu MC; ICMR- Regional Medical Research Centre, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India. mchsahu@gmail.com., Das B; School of Biotechnology, Kalinga Institute of Industrial Technology, Deemed to Be University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, 751024, India. biswadeep.das@kiitbiotech.ac.in.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Cell communication and signaling : CCS [Cell Commun Signal] 2024 Sep 26; Vol. 22 (1), pp. 451. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Sep 26.
DOI: 10.1186/s12964-024-01779-4
Abstrakt: Background: Dengue is a vector-borne debilitating disease that is manifested as mild dengue fever, dengue with warning signs, and severe dengue. Dengue infection provokes a collective immune response; in particular, the innate immune response plays a key role in primary infection and adaptive immunity during secondary infection. In this review, we comprehensively walk through the various markers of immune response against dengue pathogenesis and outcome.
Main Body: Innate immune response against dengue involves a collective response through the expression of proinflammatory cytokines, such as tumor necrosis factors (TNFs), interferons (IFNs), and interleukins (ILs), in addition to anti-inflammatory cytokines and toll-like receptors (TLRs) in modulating viral pathogenesis. Monocytes, dendritic cells (DCs), and mast cells are the primary innate immune cells initially infected by DENV. Such immune cells modulate the expression of various markers, which can influence disease severity by aiding virus entry and proinflammatory responses. Adaptive immune response is mainly aided by B and T lymphocytes, which stimulate the formation of germinal centers for plasmablast development and antibody production. Such antibodies are serotype-dependent and can aid in virus entry during secondary infection, mediated through a different serotype, such as in antibody-dependent enhancement (ADE), leading to DENV severity. The entire immunological repertoire is exhibited differently depending on the immune status of the individual.
Short Conclusion: Dengue fever through severe dengue proceeds along with the modulated expression of several immune markers. In particular, TLR2, TNF-α, IFN-I, IL-6, IL-8, IL-17 and IL-10, in addition to intermediate monocytes (CD14+CD16+) and Th17 (CD4+IL-17+) cells are highly expressed during severe dengue. Such markers could assist greatly in severity assessment, prompt diagnosis, and treatment.
(© 2024. The Author(s).)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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