| Autor: |
Wu L; State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China., Wang L; State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China., Liu YL; State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China., Zhao XN; State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China., Ma J; State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China. |
| Abstrakt: |
In this study, vacuum ultraviolet (VUV) was first proposed to activate ferrate (Fe(VI)) for degrading micropollutants (e.g., carbamazepine (CBZ)). Results indicated that VUV/Fe(VI) could significantly facilitate the CBZ degradation, and the removal efficiencies of VUV/Fe(VI) were 30.9-83.4% higher than those of Fe(VI) at pH = 7.0-9.0. Correspondingly, the degradation rate constants of VUV/Fe(VI) were 2.3-36.0-fold faster than those of Fe(VI). Free radical quenching and probe experiments revealed that the dominant active species of VUV/Fe(VI) were • OH and Fe(V)/Fe(IV), whose contribution ratios were 43.3 to 48.6% and 48.2 to 46.6%, respectively, at pH = 7.0-9.0. VUV combined with Fe(VI) not only effectively mitigated the weak oxidizing ability of Fe(VI) under alkaline conditions (especially pH = 9.0) but also attenuated the deteriorating effect of background constituents on Fe(VI). In different real waters (tap water, river water, WWTPs effluent), VUV/Fe(VI) retained a remarkably enhanced effect on CBZ degradation compared to Fe(VI). Moreover, VUV/Fe(VI) exhibited outstanding performance in the debasement of CBZ and sulfamethoxazole (SMX), as well as six other micropollutants, displaying broad-spectrum capability in degrading micropollutants. Overall, this study developed a novel oxidation process that was efficient and energy-saving for the rapid removal of micropollutants. |
