Impact of storm drains on the maintenance of dengue endemicity in Presidente Prudente, São Paulo, Brazil: a geospatial and epidemiologic approach.

Autor:	Bertacco EAM; Department of Statistics, School of Sciences and Technology, São Paulo State University, Presidente Prudente, São Paulo, Brazil.; Municipal Epidemiological Surveillance of Presidente Prudente, Presidente Prudente, São Paulo, Brazil., Prestes-Carneiro LE; Outpatient Clinic of Immunodeficiencies and Infectious Diseases, Oeste Paulista University, Regional Hospital of Presidente Prudente, Presidente Prudente, São Paulo, Brazil., de Araújo RR; Department of Statistics, School of Sciences and Technology, São Paulo State University, Presidente Prudente, São Paulo, Brazil., D'Andrea LAZ; Center for Biomedical Sciences and Regional Laboratory, Adolfo Lutz Institute, Presidente Prudente, São Paulo, Brazil., Pinheiro LS; Outpatient Clinic of Immunodeficiencies and Infectious Diseases, Oeste Paulista University, Regional Hospital of Presidente Prudente, Presidente Prudente, São Paulo, Brazil., Flores EF; Department of Statistics, School of Sciences and Technology, São Paulo State University, Presidente Prudente, São Paulo, Brazil.
Jazyk:	angličtina
Zdroj:	Frontiers in public health [Front Public Health] 2024 Sep 10; Vol. 12, pp. 1442622. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Sep 10 (Print Publication: 2024).
DOI:	10.3389/fpubh.2024.1442622
Abstrakt:	Introduction: Dengue is a public health challenge worldwide. Brazil registered about 70% of cases in Latin America in 2023; in 2024, the country is experiencing an unprecedented increase in the number of infected individuals. By May 2024, more than 4 million people were infected. Our goal was to: (1) determine the epidemiology of dengue cases and their spatiotemporal distribution and (2) carry out a survey of the storm drains and through a geospatial analysis to determine their possible correlation with cases of dengue in Presidente Prudente, São Paulo, Brazil. Methods: Cases and information on the habitat of mosquito in the storm drain underground drainage system from 2020 to 2021 were obtained from public agencies. Larvae, pupae, and Ae. aegypti were identified according to species and described in taxonomic keys. Kernel density maps were constructed. Results: From 1996 to 2023, the prevalence of cases peaked in 2016 and 2019, and in 2023 reached alarming levels, and the city was considered hyperendemic. In 2021, 2,609 cases were registered with 2 clusters of high density. Of 5,492 storm drains analyzed, 18.0% were found to have water, 9.0% had larvae or pupae of Aedes aegypti and 91.0% were classified as dirty or damaged. A direct correlation between the kernel layer of cases in 2021 with the kernel layer of storm drains containing water ( r = 0.651) and larvae and pupae ( r = 0.576) was found, suggesting that storm drains are risk factors and have an impact on the maintenance of dengue endemicity. The high number of damaged units found demonstrated the lack of storm drain management, compromising the urban drainage system and possibly contributing to dengue outbreaks. Conclusion: Policymakers may use these findings to improve existing dengue control strategies focusing on the control of storm drains and increase local and global perspectives on reducing dengue outbreaks. Competing Interests: The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. (Copyright © 2024 Bertacco, Prestes-Carneiro, de Araújo, D'Andrea, Pinheiro and Flores.)
Databáze:	MEDLINE
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