Toxicity factors, ecological and health risk assessments of heavy metal in the urban soil: a case study of an agro-machinery area in a developing country.

Autor: Islam MS; Department of Soil Science, Patuakhali Science and Technology University, Dumki, Patuakhali, 8602, Bangladesh. msaifulpstu@yahoo.com., Al Bakky A; Agricultural Wing, Bangladesh Jute Research Institute, Dhaka, 1207, Bangladesh. albakky@bjri.gov.bd., Saikat MSM; Department of Soil Science, Patuakhali Science and Technology University, Dumki, Patuakhali, 8602, Bangladesh., Antu UB; Department of Soil Science, Patuakhali Science and Technology University, Dumki, Patuakhali, 8602, Bangladesh., Akter R; Department of Soil Science, Patuakhali Science and Technology University, Dumki, Patuakhali, 8602, Bangladesh., Roy TK; Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Khulna Agricultural University, Khulna, 9100, Bangladesh., Ismail Z; Centre for River and Coastal Engineering (CRCE), Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM), 81310, Johor Bahru, Malaysia. zulhilmi@utm.my.; School of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM), 81310, Johor Bahru, Malaysia. zulhilmi@utm.my., Ibrahim KA; Department of Biology, College of Science, King Khalid University, 62529, Abha, Saudi Arabia.; Center for Environment and Tourism Studies and Research, King Khalid University, 62529, Abha, Saudi Arabia., Idris AM; Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Khalid University, 62529, Abha, Saudi Arabia. dramidris@gmail.com.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Environmental geochemistry and health [Environ Geochem Health] 2024 Sep 24; Vol. 46 (11), pp. 437. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Sep 24.
DOI: 10.1007/s10653-024-02213-x
Abstrakt: The contribution of heavy metals in surface soils by the influences of agro-machinery factories is a significant growing concern. Heavy metals were analyzed by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry technique to assess human and ecological risks. The concentrations of Fe, Cd, Cr, Cu, As, Pb, Mn, Ni, and Zn in soil ranged from 18,274-22,652, 2.06-4.92, 24.8-41.9, 126.8-137.5, 9.20-25.2, 17.8-46.1, 114.4-183.1, 86.9-118.1, and 101.6-159.6 mg/kg, respectively. The enrichment factor values of heavy metals were greater than 1.5, suggesting severe anthropogenic activities such as untreated waste discharging, burning of metallic wastes, wear, and tear, and dismantling of old batteries for heavy metals enrichment in studied soil. The contamination factor indicates considerable to very high contamination of heavy metals in soil. Moderate to high ecological risk was observed for analyzed metals which mainly originated from the maintenance and repairing of various engines in the workshop and welding and soldering of metallic substances. The target hazard quotient (THQ) was ranged from 6.99E-04 to 2.21E-01 for adults and 5.59E-03 to 1.82E + 00 for children, respectively; indicating children were more sensitive to heavy metals exposure from soil dust. The carcinogenic risk of As (1.72E-05) exceeded the USEPA acceptable limits indicating cancer risk to the residence. The current emphasized the significance of intensive heavy metals monitoring in surface soils around the agro-machinery areas due to their potential health risks associated with children.
(© 2024. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature B.V.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
Externí odkaz: