| Autor: |
Gao Y; Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, United Kingdom.; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China., Bissoyi A; Manchester Institute of Biotechnology, University of Manchester, 131 Princess Street, Manchester M1 7DN, United Kingdom., Guo Q; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China., Gibson MI; Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, United Kingdom.; Division of Biomedical Sciences, Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, United Kingdom.; Department of Chemistry, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, United Kingdom.; Manchester Institute of Biotechnology, University of Manchester, 131 Princess Street, Manchester M1 7DN, United Kingdom. |
| Abstrakt: |
Spheroids and other 3D cellular models more accurately recapitulate physiological responses when compared to 2D models and represent potential alternatives to animal testing. The cryopreservation of spheroids remains challenging, limiting their wider use. Standard DMSO-only cryopreservation results in supercooling to low subzero temperatures, reducing viability, shedding surface cells, and perforating spheroid interiors. Here, cocultured spheroids with differentially labeled outer cell layers allow spatial evaluation of the protective effect of macromolecular ice nucleators by microscopy and histology. Extracellular nucleation is shown to reduce damage to both interior and exterior regions of the spheroids, which will support the development of "off-the-shelf" 3D models. |
