Promises and challenges of crop translational genomics.

Autor: Mascher M; Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK), Gatersleben, Germany. mascher@ipk-gatersleben.de.; German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany. mascher@ipk-gatersleben.de., Jayakodi M; Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK), Gatersleben, Germany., Shim H; Department of Agriculture, Forestry and Bioresources, Plant Genomics and Breeding Institute, Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea., Stein N; Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK), Gatersleben, Germany. stein@ipk-gatersleben.de.; Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle, Germany. stein@ipk-gatersleben.de.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Nature [Nature] 2024 Dec; Vol. 636 (8043), pp. 585-593. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Sep 23.
DOI: 10.1038/s41586-024-07713-5
Abstrakt: Crop translational genomics applies breeding techniques based on genomic datasets to improve crops. Technological breakthroughs in the past ten years have made it possible to sequence the genomes of increasing numbers of crop varieties and have assisted in the genetic dissection of crop performance. However, translating research findings to breeding applications remains challenging. Here we review recent progress and future prospects for crop translational genomics in bringing results from the laboratory to the field. Genetic mapping, genomic selection and sequence-assisted characterization and deployment of plant genetic resources utilize rapid genotyping of large populations. These approaches have all had an impact on breeding for qualitative traits, where single genes with large phenotypic effects exert their influence. Characterization of the complex genetic architectures that underlie quantitative traits such as yield and flowering time, especially in newly domesticated crops, will require further basic research, including research into regulation and interactions of genes and the integration of genomic approaches and high-throughput phenotyping, before targeted interventions can be designed. Future priorities for translation include supporting genomics-assisted breeding in low-income countries and adaptation of crops to changing environments.
Competing Interests: Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests.
(© 2024. Springer Nature Limited.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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