Human-AI collaboration improves adults' oral biomechanical functions: A multi-centre, self-controlled clinical trial.

Autor: Chan RSM; Dental Materials Science, Division of Applied Oral Sciences and Community Dental Care, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Prince Philip Dental Hospital, 34 Hospital Road, Sai Ying Pun, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, PR China., Wong WWS; Department of Chinese and Bilingual Studies, Faculty of Humanities, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR, PR China., Zhou TY; Dental Materials Science, Division of Applied Oral Sciences and Community Dental Care, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Prince Philip Dental Hospital, 34 Hospital Road, Sai Ying Pun, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, PR China., Liu Y; Dental Materials Science, Division of Applied Oral Sciences and Community Dental Care, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Prince Philip Dental Hospital, 34 Hospital Road, Sai Ying Pun, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, PR China., Tsang HT; Dental Materials Science, Division of Applied Oral Sciences and Community Dental Care, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Prince Philip Dental Hospital, 34 Hospital Road, Sai Ying Pun, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, PR China., Luk CL; Dental Materials Science, Division of Applied Oral Sciences and Community Dental Care, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Prince Philip Dental Hospital, 34 Hospital Road, Sai Ying Pun, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, PR China., Chan TH; Dental Materials Science, Division of Applied Oral Sciences and Community Dental Care, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Prince Philip Dental Hospital, 34 Hospital Road, Sai Ying Pun, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, PR China., Lam WYH; Prosthodontics, Division of Restorative Dental Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, PR China., Tsoi JKH; Dental Materials Science, Division of Applied Oral Sciences and Community Dental Care, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Prince Philip Dental Hospital, 34 Hospital Road, Sai Ying Pun, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, PR China. Electronic address: jkhtsoi@hku.hk.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Journal of dentistry [J Dent] 2024 Nov; Vol. 150, pp. 105354. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Sep 21.
DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2024.105354
Abstrakt: Objectives: Maintenance of oral muscle functions is important for survival and communication. Utilizing Artificial Intelligence (AI) as a self-health-management material has shown promise. Here we developed a functional and AI-enabled smartphone e-Oral APP that provided real-time feedback features to let humans collaborate with AI, targeting to improve oral biomechanical and speech functions of adults.
Methods: A total of 113 neurologically healthy Hong Kong citizens over 50 years old were recruited in this study from June to October 2022. A set of 12 exercises of the tongue, lips, and jaw were conducted with guidance provided in the self-developed e-Oral APP, in which visual-audio demonstrations and immediate feedback on facial movements by an open-source AI-pretrained 68-point Ensemble of Regression Tree (ERT) face landmark detector was given to the users. After 8-week exercises, assessments after 1-week and 4-week post-training were conducted. Primary outcomes were measured on oral functions, including occlusal force, masticatory efficiency, tongue strength, along with dry mouth condition, and oral health-related quality of life (OHQoL), while secondary outcomes were comprised of oral diadochokinesis (DDK) and swallowing ability. The usability of the APP was evaluated by a self-written questionnaire.
Results: After exercising a set of 12 exercises on the tongue, lips, and jaw for 8 weeks, 70 out of 113 participants (average age of 67.70±4.93 y.o., 52 female and 18 male) had a significant improvement in the occlusal force (p < 0.001), while masticatory efficiency (p = 0.002), tongue pressure (p < 0.001) and endurance (p = 0.004) were also improved. 80.3 % of respondents rated the APP with an overall rating of 3 out of 5 points, and 68.6 % would recommend the APP to others.
Conclusions: AI-based APP can be an effective approach to help healthy adults improve their occlusal force, masticatory efficiency, tongue functions, and oral diadochokinesis after 8-week home oral exercises. Furthermore, these improvements can be sustained for at least four weeks.
Clinical Significance: This is the first AI-assisted APP developed for oral muscle training. Our findings demonstrated that a self-administrated human-AI collaboration APP can improve clinically oral muscle biomechanics and functions for healthy adults. AI technology in smartphone gadgets provides a cost-effective, convenient, and reliable means for oral muscles training for adults.
Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare the following financial interests/personal relationships which may be considered as potential competing interests: James Kit Hon Tsoi reports financial support was provided by Nakao Foundation. James Kit Hon Tsoi reports a relationship with Nakao Foundation that includes: funding grants. If there are other authors, they declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.
(Copyright © 2024 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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