| Autor: |
Sharma D; Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Jaypee University of Information Technology Waknaghat, Solan 173234, Himachal Pradesh, India.; Department of Biotechnology, Chandigarh College of Technology, Chandigarh Group of Colleges Landran, Mohali 140307, Punjab, India., Mahajan R; Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Jaypee University of Information Technology Waknaghat, Solan 173234, Himachal Pradesh, India.; Department of Microbiology, Chaudhary Sarvan Kumar Krishi Vishwavidyalaya, Palampur, Kangra 176061, Himachal Pradesh, India., Baghel V; Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Jaypee University of Information Technology Waknaghat, Solan 173234, Himachal Pradesh, India., Bansal S; Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Jaypee University of Information Technology Waknaghat, Solan 173234, Himachal Pradesh, India., Ahuja V; University Institute of Biotechnology, Chandigarh University, Mohali 140413, Punjab, India.; University Centre for Research and Development, Chandigarh University, Mohali 140413, Punjab, India., Goel G; Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Jaypee University of Information Technology Waknaghat, Solan 173234, Himachal Pradesh, India.; Department of Microbiology, Central University of Haryana, Mahendragarh 123031, Haryana, India. |
| Abstrakt: |
Power scarcity and pollution can be overcome with the use of green energy forms like ethanol, biogas, electricity, hydrogen, etc., especially energy produced from renewable and industrial feedstocks. In hilly areas, pine needles are the most abundant biomass that has a low possibility of valorization due to high lignin content. On the other hand, anaerobic digestion (AD) of lignin and animal waste has low biogas yield due to poor conductivity. This study focuses on the simultaneous production of biogas and electricity through the co-digestion of cow dung and pine needles. The digester was initially established and stabilized in the lab to ensure a continuous supply of inoculum throughout the experiment. The optimization process involved the determination of an ideal cow dung-to-water ratio and selecting the appropriate conductive material that can enhance the energy generation from the feedstock. Afterward, both batch and continuous anaerobic digestion experiments were conducted. The results revealed that the addition of powdered graphite (5 mM), activated charcoal (15 mM), and biochar (25 mM) exhibited maximum voltage of 0.71 ± 0.013 V, 0.56 ± 0.013 V, and 0.49 ± 0.011 V on the 30th, 25th and 20th day of AD, respectively. The batch experiment showed that 5 mM graphite powder enhanced electron transfer in the AD process and generated a voltage of 0.77 ± 0.014 V on the 30th day, indicating an increase of ~1.5-fold as compared to the control (0.56 ± 0.019 V). The results from the continuous AD process showed that the digester with cow dung, pine needle, and a conductive material in combination exhibited the maximum voltage of 0.76 ± 0.012 V on the 21st day of AD, while the digester with cow dung only exhibited a maximum voltage of 0.62 ± 0.015 V on the 22nd day of AD, representing a 1.3-fold increase over the control. Furthermore, the current work used discarded plastic items and electrodes from spent batteries to emphasize waste management and aid in attaining sustainable energy and development goals. |
