Socioeconomic status, reserve capacity, and depressive symptoms predict pain in Rheumatoid Arthritis: an examination of the reserve capacity model.

Autor:	Azizoddin DR; Health Promotion Research Center, Stephenson Cancer Center, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, 655 Research Parkway Suite 4000, Oklahoma City, OK, 73104, USA. Desiree-Azizoddin@ouhsc.edu.; Department of Psychosocial Oncology and Palliative Care, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA. Desiree-Azizoddin@ouhsc.edu., Olmstead R; Cousins Center for Psychoneuroimmunology, Jane and Terry Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, UCLA Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA., Anderson KA; Health Promotion Research Center, Stephenson Cancer Center, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, 655 Research Parkway Suite 4000, Oklahoma City, OK, 73104, USA., Hirz AE; Department of Community Sciences, UCLA Fielding School of Public Health, Los Angeles, CA, USA., Irwin MR; Cousins Center for Psychoneuroimmunology, Jane and Terry Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, UCLA Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA., Gholizadeh S; San Diego Joint Doctoral Program in Clinical Psychology, San Diego State University, University of California, San Diego, CA, USA., Weisman M; Division of Rheumatology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA., Ishimori M; Division of Rheumatology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA., Wallace D; Division of Rheumatology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA., Nicassio P; Cousins Center for Psychoneuroimmunology, Jane and Terry Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, UCLA Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
Jazyk:	angličtina
Zdroj:	BMC rheumatology [BMC Rheumatol] 2024 Sep 20; Vol. 8 (1), pp. 46. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Sep 20.
DOI:	10.1186/s41927-024-00416-4
Abstrakt:	Background: Guided by the reserve capacity model, we evaluated the unique relationships between socioeconomic status (SES), reserve capacity (helplessness, self-efficacy, social support), and negative emotions on pain in patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA). Methods: The secondary analysis used baseline, cross-sectional data from 106 adults in a clinical trial comparing behavioral treatments for RA. Patients were eligible if they were ≥ 18 years old, met the ACR criteria for RA (determined by study rheumatologist), had stable disease and drug regimens for 3 months, and did not have a significant comorbid condition. Structural equation modeling evaluated the direct effects of SES, reserve capacity (helplessness- Arthritis Helplessness Index, self-efficacy -Personal Mastery Scale, social support- Social Provisions Scale) and negative emotions (stress and depressive symptoms- Perceived Stress Scale and Hamilton Depression Rating Scale) on pain (Rapid Assessment of Disease Activity in Rheumatology-RADAR & visual analog scale-VAS), and the indirect effects of SES as mediated by reserve capacity and negative emotions. The SEM model was evaluated using multiple fit criteria: χ 2 goodness-of-fit statistic, the comparative fit index (CFI), the standardized root mean square residual (SRMR), and the root mean square error of approximation (RMSEA). Results: Participants were mostly female (85%), 55.45 years old on average, self-identified as white (61%), Hispanic (16%), black (13%), and other (10%), and had RA for an average of 10.63 years. Results showed that low SES contributed to worse pain, through lower reserve capacity and higher negative emotions. Mediational analyses showed that reserve capacity and negative emotions partially mediated the effect of SES on pain. The final model explained 39% of the variance in pain. Conclusions: The findings indicate that lower SES was related to worse clinical pain outcomes and negative emotions and reserve capacity (helplessness, social support, and self-efficacy) mediated the effect of SES on pain. A primary limitation is the small sample size; future studies should evaluate this model further in larger, longitudinal approaches. Interventions that target negative emotions in patients with low SES may facilitate better pain control with RA. Trial Registration: clinicaltrials.gov NCT00072657 01/02/2004 20/03/2009. (© 2024. The Author(s).)
Databáze:	MEDLINE
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