50 Years of Organoselenium Chemistry, Biochemistry and Reactivity: Mechanistic Understanding, Successful and Controversial Stories.

Autor: Madabeni A; Università degli Studi di Padova, Scienze Chimiche, ITALY., Bortoli M; University of Oslo, Department of Chemistry and Hylleraas Centre for Quantum Molecular Sciences, NORWAY., Nogara PA; Federal Institute of Education Science and Technology South Rio Grande, -, BRAZIL., Ribaudo G; Università degli Studi di Brescia, Dipartimento di Medicina Molecolare e Traslazionale, ITALY., Tiezza MD; Università degli Studi di Padova, Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, ITALY., Flohé L; Università degli Studi di Padova, Department of Molecular Medicine, ITALY., Rocha JBT; Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecolar, BRAZIL., Orian L; Università degli Studi di Padova, Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Via Marzolo 1, 35131, Padova, ITALY.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Chemistry (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany) [Chemistry] 2024 Sep 20, pp. e202403003. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Sep 20.
DOI: 10.1002/chem.202403003
Abstrakt: In 1973, two major discoveries changed the face of selenium chemistry: the identification of the first mammal selenoenzyme, glutathione peroxidase 1, and the discovery of the synthetic utility of the so-called selenoxide elimination.  While the chemical mechanism behind the catalytic activity of glutathione peroxidases appears to be mostly unveiled, little is known about the mechanisms of other selenoproteins and, for some of them, even the function lies in the dark. In chemistry, the capacity of organoselenides of catalyzing hydrogen peroxide activation for the practical manipulation of organic functional groups has been largely explored, and some mechanistic details have been clearly elucidated. As a paradox, despite the long-standing experience in the field, the nature of the active oxidant in various reactions still remains matter of debate. While many successes characterize these fields, the pharmacological use of organoselenides still lacks any true application, and while some organoselenides were found to be non-toxic and safe to use, to date no therapeutically approved use was granted. In this review, some fundamental and chronologically aligned topics spanning organoselenium biochemistry, chemistry and pharmacology are discussed, focusing on the current mechanistic picture describing their activity as either bioactive compounds or catalysts.
(© 2024 Wiley‐VCH GmbH.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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