The seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2-specific antibodies in Australian children: A cross-sectional study.

Autor: Koirala A; National Centre for Immunisation Research and Surveillance, Westmead, NSW, Australia.; Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney's Hospital Westmead Clinical School, Westmead, NSW, Australia.; Department of Infectious Diseases, Nepean Hospital, Kingswood, NSW, Australia., McRae J; Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney's Hospital Westmead Clinical School, Westmead, NSW, Australia., Britton PN; Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney's Hospital Westmead Clinical School, Westmead, NSW, Australia.; Department of Infectious Diseases and Microbiology, The Children's Hospital Westmead, Westmead, NSW, Australia., Downes M; Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics Unit, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, VIC, Australia.; Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia., Prasad SA; National Centre for Immunisation Research and Surveillance, Westmead, NSW, Australia., Nicholson S; Infectious Diseases Serology, Victorian Infectious Diseases Reference Laboratory, The Royal Melbourne Hospital at The Doherty Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia., Winkler NE; National Centre for Immunisation Research and Surveillance, Westmead, NSW, Australia., O'Sullivan MVN; Institute of Clinical Pathology and Medical Research, New South Wales Pathology, Westmead, Australia., Gondalwala F; National Centre for Immunisation Research and Surveillance, Westmead, NSW, Australia., Castellano C; National Centre for Immunisation Research and Surveillance, Westmead, NSW, Australia., Carey E; National Centre for Immunisation Research and Surveillance, Westmead, NSW, Australia., Hendry A; National Centre for Immunisation Research and Surveillance, Westmead, NSW, Australia., Crawford N; Infection, Immunity & Global Health, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, VIC, Australia., Wadia U; Wesfarmers Centre of Vaccine and Infectious Diseases, Telethon Kids Institute, Nedlands, WA, Australia.; Centre for Child Health Research, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, Australia., Richmond P; Wesfarmers Centre of Vaccine and Infectious Diseases, Telethon Kids Institute, Nedlands, WA, Australia.; Centre for Child Health Research, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, Australia., Marshall HS; Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Adelaid, SA, Australia., Clark JE; Infection Management, Children's Health Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.; School of Clinical Medicine, University of Queensland, Herston, QLD, Australia., Francis JR; Global and Tropical Health Division, Menzies School of Health Research, Charles Darwin University, Tiwi, NT, Australia.; Department of Paediatrics, Royal Darwin Hospital, Tiwi, NT, Australia., Carr J; Department of Infection and Immunity, Monash Children's Hospital Melbourne, Clayton, VIC, Australia.; Department of Paediatrics, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia., Bartlett A; Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Sydney Children's Hospital, Randwick, NSW, Australia., McMullan B; Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Sydney Children's Hospital, Randwick, NSW, Australia., Skowno J; Department of Anaesthesia, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Westmead, NSW, Australia., Hannah D; Department of Anaesthesia, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Westmead, NSW, Australia., Davidson A; Melbourne Children's Trials Centre, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, VIC, Australia., von Ungern-Sternberg BS; Department of Anaesthesia and Pain Medicine, Perth Children's Hospital, Nedland, WA, Australia.; Institute for Paediatric Perioperative Excellence, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia., Lee-Archer P; Department of Anaesthesia, Queensland Children's Hospital, South Brisbane, QLD, Australia.; Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, Herston, QLD, Australia., Burgoyne LL; Department of Children's Anaesthesia, Women's and Children's Hospital, North Adelaide, SA, Australia., Waugh EB; Department of Anaesthesia and Perioperative Medicine, Royal Darwin Hospital, NT, Australia., Carlin JB; Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics Unit, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, VIC, Australia.; Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia., Naing Z; Serology and Virology Division (SAViD), Department of Microbiology, NSW Health Pathology East, Prince of Wales Hospital, Randwick, NSW, Australia., Kerly N; Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Sydney Children's Hospital, Randwick, NSW, Australia., McMinn A; Surveillance of Adverse Events Following Vaccination In the Community (SAFEVIC), Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, Victoria, Australia., Hunter G; Department of Infection and Immunity, Monash Children's Hospital Melbourne, Clayton, VIC, Australia., Heath C; University Department of Paediatrics, Women's and Children's Hospital, North Adelaide, SA, Australia., D'Angelo N; University Department of Paediatrics, Women's and Children's Hospital, North Adelaide, SA, Australia., Finucane C; Infectious Disease Epidemiology, Telethon Kids Institute, Nedlands, WA, Australia., Francis LA; Department of Paediatrics, Royal Darwin Hospital, Tiwi, NT, Australia., Dougherty S; Infectious Diseases Research, Children's Health Queensland, South Brisbane, QLD, Australia., Rawlinson W; Serology and Virology Division (SAViD), Department of Microbiology, NSW Health Pathology East, Prince of Wales Hospital, Randwick, NSW, Australia., Karapanagiotidis T; Infectious Diseases Serology, Victorian Infectious Diseases Reference Laboratory, The Royal Melbourne Hospital at The Doherty Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia., Cain N; Infectious Diseases Serology, Victorian Infectious Diseases Reference Laboratory, The Royal Melbourne Hospital at The Doherty Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia., Brizuela R; Infectious Diseases Serology, Victorian Infectious Diseases Reference Laboratory, The Royal Melbourne Hospital at The Doherty Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia., Blyth CC; Wesfarmers Centre of Vaccine and Infectious Diseases, Telethon Kids Institute, Nedlands, WA, Australia., Wood N; National Centre for Immunisation Research and Surveillance, Westmead, NSW, Australia.; Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney's Hospital Westmead Clinical School, Westmead, NSW, Australia., Macartney K; National Centre for Immunisation Research and Surveillance, Westmead, NSW, Australia.; Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney's Hospital Westmead Clinical School, Westmead, NSW, Australia.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: PloS one [PLoS One] 2024 Sep 18; Vol. 19 (9), pp. e0300555. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Sep 18 (Print Publication: 2024).
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0300555
Abstrakt: Background: Following reduction of public health and social measures concurrent with SARS-CoV-2 Omicron emergence in late 2021 in Australia, COVID-19 case notification rates rose rapidly. As rates of direct viral testing and reporting dropped, true infection rates were most likely to be underestimated.
Objective: To better understand infection rates and immunity in this population, we aimed to estimate SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence in Australians aged 0-19 years.
Methods: We conducted a national cross sectional serosurvey from June 1, 2022, to August 31, 2022, in children aged 0-19 years undergoing an anesthetic procedure at eight tertiary pediatric hospitals. Participant questionnaires were administered, and blood samples tested using the Roche Elecsys Anti-SARS-CoV-2 total spike and nucleocapsid antibody assays. Spike and nucleocapsid seroprevalence adjusted for geographic and socioeconomic imbalances in the participant sample compared to the Australian population was estimated using multilevel regression and poststratification within a Bayesian framework.
Results: Blood was collected from 2,046 participants (median age: 6.6 years). The overall adjusted seroprevalence of spike-antibody was 92.1% (95% credible interval (CrI) 91.0-93.3%) and nucleocapsid-antibody was 67.0% (95% CrI 64.6-69.3). In unvaccinated children spike and nucleocapsid antibody seroprevalences were 84.2% (95% CrI 81.9-86.5) and 67.1% (95%CrI 64.0-69.8), respectively. Seroprevalence was similar across geographic remoteness index and socioeconomic quintiles. Nucleocapsid antibody seroprevalence increased with age while the point seroprevalence of the spike antibody seroprevalence decreased in the first year of life and then increased to 97.8 (95% Crl 96.1-99.2) by 12-15 years of age.
Conclusion: Most Australian children and adolescents aged 0-19 years, across all jurisdictions were infected with SARS-CoV-2 by August 2022, suggesting rapid and uniform spread across the population in a very short time period. High seropositivity in unvaccinated children informed COVID-19 vaccine recommendations in Australia.
Competing Interests: All authors have no financial interests/personal relationships that may be considered as potential competing interests with this study. Some authors have received institutional research grants and travel funding from the Australian Government, non-government or private organisations for other bodies of work. Dr Archana Koirala, Professor Kristine Macartney and Professor Nicholas Wood declare funding support from the Australian Government Department of Health and Aged Care (DoHAC) to the institution National Centre for Immunisation Research and Surveillance (NCIRS). Dr Archana Koirala has received a travel and accommodation grant to present and attend the World Society of Paediatric Infectious Diseases scientific meeting in 2023. Professor Kristine Macartney received payment as an expert witness for Australian Health Departments against proceedings against COVID-19 health regulations in 2021-2022. Professor Kristine Macartney declares institutional directed funding support from the WHO and GAVI the Vaccine Alliance, Welcome Trust and the Australian NHMR, to NCIRS and the University of Sydney; payment as an expert witness for Australian health departments against proceedings against COVID-19 health regulations in 2021-2022, payment less than USD $5,000 for international travel for expert speaking engagements, non-pharmaceutical company sources. Professor Nicholas Wood, Professor Britta S von Ungern-Sternberg and Dr Brendan McMullan declare funding from the National Health and Medical Research Council (NHMRC) grants. Professor Britta S von Ungern-Sternberg declared funding support from Stan Perron Charitable Foundation. Professor Helen S Marshall declares a research grant from Pfizer to Women’s and Children’s Health Network (WCHN), no personal remuneration, for meningococcal research. Professor Peter Richmond declares research grants from Merck Sharpe & Dohme, GlaxoSmithKline (GSK) directed at the Telethon Kids Institute (TKI), no personal remuneration, on RSV, pneumococcal disease, varicella, meningococcal research and a COVID-19 vaccine study to assess immunogenicity and safety of homologous or heterologous vaccine schedules. Professor Peter Richmond, Professor Helen S Marshall and Professor Nicholas Wood declare a research grant from the Australian Government Department of Health and Aged Care to WCHN, TKI and University of Sydney for a COVID-19 DNA vaccine clinical trial Ms Alissa McMinn declares funding support from Pfizer provided support for flights/accommodation to attend the Public Health Association Australia Communicable Diseases & Immunisation Conference in 2023. Dr Ushma Wadia declares funding from Pfizer for flights and accommodation to attend Meningococcal Disease Vaccine Education in 2023. This does not alter our adherence to PLOS ONE policies on sharing data and materials.
(Copyright: © 2024 Koirala et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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