| Autor: |
Yoshihara N; National Institute of Metrology, Quality and Technology, Eukaryotic Cell Biology Laboratory, Duque de Caxias-RJ, 24250020, Brazil. cbfilho@inmetro.gov.br., Lopes M; National Institute of Metrology, Quality and Technology, Eukaryotic Cell Biology Laboratory, Duque de Caxias-RJ, 24250020, Brazil. cbfilho@inmetro.gov.br., Santos I; National Institute of Metrology, Quality and Technology, Eukaryotic Cell Biology Laboratory, Duque de Caxias-RJ, 24250020, Brazil. cbfilho@inmetro.gov.br., Kopke B; National Institute of Metrology, Quality and Technology, Eukaryotic Cell Biology Laboratory, Duque de Caxias-RJ, 24250020, Brazil. cbfilho@inmetro.gov.br., Almeida C; National Institute of Metrology, Quality and Technology, Laboratory of Microscopy Dimat, Duque de Caxias-RJ, 24250020, Brazil., Araújo J; National Institute of Metrology, Quality and Technology, Laboratory of Microscopy Dimat, Duque de Caxias-RJ, 24250020, Brazil., Fechine PBA; Group of Chemistry of Advanced Materials (GQMat)-Department of Analytical Chemistry and Physical-Chemistry, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza-CE, 451-970, Brazil., Santos-Oliveira R; Brazilian Nuclear Energy Commission, Nuclear Engineering Institute, Laboratory of Nanoradiopharmacy and Synthesis of New, Brazil.; Radiopharmaceuticals, Rio de Janeiro-RJ, 21941906, Brazil.; Rio de Janeiro State University, Laboratory of Nanoradiopharmaceuticals, Rio de Janeiro, 23070200, Brazil., Sant'Anna C; National Institute of Metrology, Quality and Technology, Eukaryotic Cell Biology Laboratory, Duque de Caxias-RJ, 24250020, Brazil. cbfilho@inmetro.gov.br. |
| Abstrakt: |
Carbon-derived compounds are gaining traction in the scientific community because of their unique properties, such as conductivity and strength, and promising innovations in technology and medicine. Graphitic nitride carbon (g-C 3 N 4 ) stands out among these compounds because of its potential in antitumor therapies. This study aimed to assess g-C 3 N 4 's antitumor potential and cytotoxic mechanisms. Prostate cancer (DU-145) and glioblastoma (U87) cell lines were used to evaluate antitumor effects, whereas RAW 264.7 and HFF-1 non-tumor cells were used for selectivity evaluation. The synthesized g-C 3 N 4 particles underwent comprehensive characterization, including the assessment of particle size, morphology, and oxygen content, employing various techniques, such as X-ray diffraction, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy, and atomic force microscopy. The results indicated that g-C 3 N 4 significantly affected tumor cell proliferation and viability, exhibiting high cytotoxicity within 48 h. In non-tumor cells, minimal effects on proliferation were observed, except for damage to the cell membranes of RAW 264.7 cells. Moreover, g-C 3 N 4 changed the cell morphology and ultrastructure, affecting cell migration in U87 cells and potentially enhancing migration in RAW 264.7 cells. Biochemical assays in Balb/C mice revealed alterations in alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, and amylase levels. In conclusion, g-C 3 N 4 demonstrated promising antitumor effects with minimal toxicity to non-tumor cells, suggesting its potential in neoplasm treatment. |
