Toxic effects of ZnO NPs on immune response and tissue pathology in Mytilus galloprovincialis.

Autor: Xing Z; School of Life Sciences, Ludong University, Yantai, 264025, PR China., Cai Z; School of Life Sciences, Ludong University, Yantai, 264025, PR China., Mi L; School of Life Sciences, Ludong University, Yantai, 264025, PR China., Zhang J; Shandong Key Laboratory of Marine Ecological Restoration, Shandong Marine Resources and Environment Research Institute, Yantai, 264006, PR China., Wang J; Shandong Key Laboratory of Marine Ecological Restoration, Shandong Marine Resources and Environment Research Institute, Yantai, 264006, PR China., Chen L; Shandong Key Laboratory of Marine Ecological Restoration, Shandong Marine Resources and Environment Research Institute, Yantai, 264006, PR China., Xu M; School of Life Sciences, Ludong University, Yantai, 264025, PR China., Ma B; School of Life Sciences, Ludong University, Yantai, 264025, PR China., Tao R; School of Life Sciences, Ludong University, Yantai, 264025, PR China., Yang B; Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 2G2, Canada., Lv X; School of Life Sciences, Ludong University, Yantai, 264025, PR China., Wang L; School of Life Sciences, Ludong University, Yantai, 264025, PR China., Zhao Y; School of Life Sciences, Ludong University, Yantai, 264025, PR China., Liu X; School of Life Sciences, Ludong University, Yantai, 264025, PR China. Electronic address: lxlshz2006@163.com., You L; Shandong Key Laboratory of Marine Ecological Restoration, Shandong Marine Resources and Environment Research Institute, Yantai, 264006, PR China. Electronic address: youliping521@163.com.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Aquatic toxicology (Amsterdam, Netherlands) [Aquat Toxicol] 2024 Nov; Vol. 276, pp. 107102. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Sep 14.
DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2024.107102
Abstrakt: Nano-zinc oxide (ZnO NPs), as widely used nanomaterials, are inevitably released into aquatic environments, posing potential threats to aquatic organisms. Mytilus galloprovincialis is a bivalve species sensitive to changes in marine ecological environments, but there has been limited research on its toxicity response to ZnO NPs. Therefore, we selected M. galloprovincialis as the research subject and exposed them to 50 µg/L ZnO NPs for 96 h and 30 days to determine the dissolution of ZnO NPs in seawater and their distribution in M. galloprovincialis. The toxicity of ZnO NPs in M. galloprovincialis was then evaluated through gene expression, tissue pathology, and cellular immune response. The results showed that ZnO NPs could enrich Zn in various tissues of the mussel, in the order of gills > hepatopancreas > adductor muscle > mantle. Seven immune-related genes including four heat shock protein genes (HSPA12A, sHSP24.1, sHSP22, TCTP) and three apoptotic genes (Ras, p63 and Bcl-2) were altered to varying degrees. There was a downward trend in lysosomal membrane stability of M. galloprovincialis after exposure to ZnO NPs for 96 h and 30 days, while ROS and apoptosis rates increased significantly. Furthermore, the seven genes, apoptosis, LMS, and ROS were dependent on exposure time, treatment, and their interaction. Histopathological damage included disorganisation of hepatopancreas epithelial cells, gill filament swelling, and contraction of blood sinuses. These results indicated that ZnO NPs exerted toxicity in M. galloprovincialis, affecting the immune system, resulting in changes in the expression of immune-related genes and ultimately leading to histopathological changes. Our research findings could contribute to systematically understand the impact of ZnO NPs on bivalves in aquatic environments and provide a theoretical basis for marine pollution assessment.
Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare the following financial interests/personal relationships which may be considered as potential competing interests: Xiaoli Liu reports financial support was provided by Ludong University. If there are other authors, they declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.
(Copyright © 2024 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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