Exact results of the one-dimensional repulsive Hubbard model.

Autor:	Luo JJ; Innovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, People's Republic of China.; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China., Pu H; Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, TX 77251-1892, United States of America., Guan XW; Innovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, People's Republic of China.; Hefei National Laboratory, Hefei 230088, People's Republic of China.; NSFC-SPTP Peng Huanwu Center for Fundamental Theory, Xi'an 710127, People's Republic of China.; Department of Fundamental and Theoretical Physics, Research School of Physics, Australian National University, Canberra ACT 0200, Australia.
Jazyk:	angličtina
Zdroj:	Reports on progress in physics. Physical Society (Great Britain) [Rep Prog Phys] 2024 Oct 03; Vol. 87 (11). Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Oct 03.
DOI:	10.1088/1361-6633/ad7b70
Abstrakt:	We present analytical results of the fundamental properties of the one-dimensional (1D) Hubbard model with a repulsive interaction. The new model results with arbitrary external fields include: (I) using the exact solutions of the Bethe ansatz equations of the Hubbard model, we first rigorously calculate the gapless spin and charge excitations, exhibiting exotic features of fractionalized spinons and holons. We then investigate the gapped excitations in terms of the spin string and thek-Λstring bound states at arbitrary driving fields, showing subtle differences in spin magnons and charge η -pair excitations. (II) For a high-density and high spin magnetization region, i.e. near the quadruple critical point, we further analytically obtain the thermodynamic properties, dimensionless ratios and scaling functions near quantum phase transitions. (III) Importantly, we give the general scaling functions at quantum criticality for arbitrary filling and interaction strength. These can directly apply to other integrable models. (IV) Based on the fractional excitations and the scaling laws, the spin-incoherent Luttinger liquid (SILL) with only the charge propagation mode is elucidated by the asymptotic of the two-point correlation functions with the help of conformal field theory. We also, for the first time, obtain the analytical results of the thermodynamics for the SILL. (V) Finally, to capture deeper insights into the Mott insulator and interaction-driven criticality, we further study the double occupancy and propose its associated contact and contact susceptibilities, through which an adiabatic cooling scheme based upon quantum criticality is proposed. In this scenario, we build up general relations among arbitrary external- and internal-potential-driven quantum phase transitions, providing a comprehensive understanding of quantum criticality. Our methods offer rich perspectives of quantum integrability and offer promising guidance for future experiments with interacting electrons and ultracold atoms, both with and without a lattice. (Creative Commons Attribution license.)
Databáze:	MEDLINE
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