Diminished pain sensitivity mediates the relationship between psychopathic traits and reduced learning from pain.

Autor: Atanassova DV; Radboud University, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behavior, Thomas van Aquinostraat 4, 6525 GD, Nijmegen, The Netherlands. Dimana.atanassova@donders.ru.nl., Mathys C; Interacting Minds Centre, Aarhus University, Aarhus C, Denmark.; Translational Neuromodeling Unit, Institute for Biomedical Engineering, University of Zürich and ETH Zürich, Zurich, Switzerland.; Neuroscience Area, Scuola Internazionale Superiore di Studi Avanzati, Trieste, Italy., Diaconescu AO; Krembil Centre for Neuroinformatics, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health (CAMH), Toronto, ON, Canada.; Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.; Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.; Department of Psychology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada., Madariaga VI; Radboud University Medical Center, Department of Dentistry Nijmegen, Nijmegen, The Netherlands., Oosterman JM; Radboud University, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behavior, Thomas van Aquinostraat 4, 6525 GD, Nijmegen, The Netherlands., Brazil IA; Radboud University, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behavior, Thomas van Aquinostraat 4, 6525 GD, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.; Forensic Psychiatric Centre Pompestichting, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Communications psychology [Commun Psychol] 2024 Sep 14; Vol. 2 (1), pp. 86. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Sep 14.
DOI: 10.1038/s44271-024-00133-1
Abstrakt: Individuals with elevated psychopathic traits exhibit decision-making deficits linked to a failure to learn from negative outcomes. We investigated how reduced pain sensitivity affects reinforcement-based decision-making in individuals with varying levels of psychopathic traits, as measured by the Self-Report Psychopathy Scale-Short Form. Using computational modelling, we estimated the latent cognitive processes in a community non-offender sample (n = 111) that completed a task with choices leading to painful and non-painful outcomes. Higher psychopathic traits were associated with reduced pain sensitivity and disturbances in reinforcement learning from painful outcomes. In a Structural Equation Model, a superordinate psychopathy factor was associated with a faster return to original stimulus-outcome associations as pain tolerance increased. This provides evidence directly linking reduced pain sensitivity and learning from painful outcomes with elevated psychopathic traits. Our results offer insights into the computational mechanisms of maladaptive decision-making in psychopathy and antisocial behavior.
(© 2024. The Author(s).)
Databáze: MEDLINE
Externí odkaz: