| Autor: |
Bongianino NF; Córdoba Food Science and Technology Institute (ICYTAC), National Scientific and Technical, Research Council (CONICET), National University of Córdoba (UNC), Córdoba 5000, Argentina.; Plant Breeding, College of Agricultural Sciences, National University of Córdoba (UNC), Córdoba 5000, Argentina., Steffolani ME; Córdoba Food Science and Technology Institute (ICYTAC), National Scientific and Technical, Research Council (CONICET), National University of Córdoba (UNC), Córdoba 5000, Argentina.; Biological Chemistry, College of Agricultural Sciences, National University of Córdoba (UNC), Córdoba 5000, Argentina., Morales CD; Córdoba Food Science and Technology Institute (ICYTAC), National Scientific and Technical, Research Council (CONICET), National University of Córdoba (UNC), Córdoba 5000, Argentina., Biasutti CA; Plant Breeding, College of Agricultural Sciences, National University of Córdoba (UNC), Córdoba 5000, Argentina., León AE; Córdoba Food Science and Technology Institute (ICYTAC), National Scientific and Technical, Research Council (CONICET), National University of Córdoba (UNC), Córdoba 5000, Argentina.; Biological Chemistry, College of Agricultural Sciences, National University of Córdoba (UNC), Córdoba 5000, Argentina. |
| Abstrakt: |
We assessed the impact of environmental conditions and agronomic traits on maize grain quality parameters. The study was conducted using genotypes with distinct genetic constitutions developed specifically for late sowing in semi-arid environments. We evaluated the agronomic, physical, and chemical characteristics of eight maize open-pollinated varieties, six inbred lines, and three commercial hybrids. The yield of the open-pollinated varieties showed a positive correlation with protein content (r = 0.33), while it exhibited a negative correlation with the carbohydrate percentage (r = -0.36 and -0.42) in conjunction with the inbred lines. The flotation index of the hybrids was influenced primarily by the environmental effect (50.15%), whereas in the inbred lines it was nearly evenly divided between the genotype effect (45.51%) and the environmental effect (43.15%). In the open-pollinated varieties, the genotype effect accounted for 35.09% and the environmental effect for 42.35%. The characteristics of plant structure were associated with grain quality attributes relevant for milling, including hardness and test weight. Inbred lines exhibited significant genotype contributions to grain hardness, protein, and carbohydrate content, distinguishing them from the other two germplasm types. These associations are crucial for specific genotypes and for advancing research and development of cultivars for the food industry. |
