| Autor: |
Barashkova AS; Shemyakin and Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 117997 Moscow, Russia.; All-Russian Institute of Plant Protection, 196608 Saint Petersburg, Russia., Smirnov AN; Department of Plant Protection, Institute of Agrobiotechnology, Timiryazev Russian State Agrarian University, 127550 Moscow, Russia., Rogozhin EA; Shemyakin and Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 117997 Moscow, Russia.; All-Russian Institute of Plant Protection, 196608 Saint Petersburg, Russia.; Papanin Institute for Biology of Inland Waters, Russian Academy of Sciences, 152742 Borok, Russia. |
| Abstrakt: |
Plant defense polypeptides play a crucial role in providing plants with constitutive immunity against various biotic and abiotic stressors. In this study, we explored a complex of proteins from wheatgrass ( Elytrigia elongata ) spikelets to estimate their role in the plant's tolerance to various environmental factors. The current research shows that in vitro protein extracts from E. elongata spikelets possess antifungal activity against certain Fusarium species, which are specific cereal pathogens, at concentrations of 1-2 mg/mL. In this study, we reproduced these antifungal activities using a 4 mg/mL extract in artificial fungal infection experiments on wheat grain ( Triticum aestivum ) under controlled laboratory conditions. Furthermore, the tested extract demonstrated a protective effect on Saccharomyces cerevisiae exposed to hyper-salinity stress at a concentration of 2 mg/mL. A combined scheme of fractionation and structural identification was applied for the estimation of the diversity of defense polypeptides. Defensins, lipid-transfer proteins, hydrolase inhibitors (cereal bifunctional trypsin/alpha-amylase inhibitors from a Bowman-Birk trypsin inhibitor), and high-molecular-weight disease resistance proteins were isolated from the extract. Thus, wheatgrass spikelets appear to be a reservoir of defense polypeptides. Our findings contribute to a deeper understanding of plant defense proteins and peptides and their involvement in the adaptation to various stress factors, and they reveal the regulatory effect at the ecosystem level. |
