Management of undernutrition during preconception and pregnancy in an urban setting in North India.

Autor:	Dhabhai N; Society for Applied Studies (SAS), New Delhi, India., Chowdhury R; Society for Applied Studies (SAS), New Delhi, India., Taneja S; Society for Applied Studies (SAS), New Delhi, India., Shekhar M; Society for Applied Studies (SAS), New Delhi, India., Kaur J; Society for Applied Studies (SAS), New Delhi, India., Mittal P; Vardhman Mahavir Medical College (VMMC) & Safdarjung Hospital, New Delhi, India., Dewan R; Vardhman Mahavir Medical College (VMMC) & Safdarjung Hospital, New Delhi, India., Bhandari N; Society for Applied Studies (SAS), New Delhi, India.
Jazyk:	angličtina
Zdroj:	Frontiers in public health [Front Public Health] 2024 Aug 29; Vol. 12, pp. 1405247. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Aug 29 (Print Publication: 2024).
DOI:	10.3389/fpubh.2024.1405247
Abstrakt:	Introduction: The prevalence of underweight in women of reproductive age (WRA) in South Asia remains unacceptably high. Underweight women suffer from lowered immunity, infertility, and a risk of developing non-communicable diseases. In pregnancy, undernutrition results in poor neonatal and maternal outcomes. We present the findings and the management strategy of undernutrition in the preconception and pregnancy phase intervention group in the WING study in low- to lower-middle-income neighborhoods of North India. Methods: We analyzed data from the Women and Infants Integrated Interventions for Growth Study (WINGS) intervention group. In this individually randomized factorial design trial, 13,500 women were enrolled from low to middle-income neighborhoods of Delhi: 6,722 women in the preconception group and 2,640 from the pregnancy group. Food supplements in the form of locally prepared snacks were given to provide necessary calories and protein requirements as per the Body mass index (BMI) during the preconception period and each trimester of pregnancy. The snacks (sweet or savory) and milk or egg as a source of high-quality protein were delivered at home, and intakes were observed. Individual tracking and close monthly monitoring were done for compliance, besides screening and treatment of infections. Results: The enrolled women's mean (SD) age was 24.2 (3.1) years. Approximately 35% of women had a height of < 150 cm, and 50% had schooling >12 years. 17% of women in preconception and 14 % in pregnancy intervention groups were Underweight. Approximately two-thirds of underweight women improved 9-12 months after management in the preconception group, and the same proportion improved 4 weeks after management during pregnancy. The proportion of women with inadequate weight gain (IWG) during pregnancy was higher in women who were underweight during preconception. Discussion: A comprehensive approach to managing undernutrition with high-quality energy-dense food supplementation substantially improved weight gain in women during preconception and pregnancy. Clinical Trial Registration: http://ctri.nic.in/Clinicaltrials/pmaindet2.php?trialid=19339%26EncHid=%26userName=societyforappliedstudies, identifier: Clinical Trial Registry India #CTRI/2017/06/008908. Competing Interests: The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. (Copyright © 2024 Dhabhai, Chowdhury, Taneja, Shekhar, Kaur, Mittal, Dewan and Bhandari.)
Databáze:	MEDLINE
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