Evaluation of the Phytochemical Screening of Methanolic Seed Extracts of Tribulus terrestris: An In Vitro Application of Anti-cancer, Anti-oxidant, and Anti-microbial Activities.

Autor:	Malik MY; Biochemistry, Saveetha Medical College and Hospital, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Chennai, IND., Alex A; Biochemistry, Saveetha Medical College and Hospital, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Chennai, IND., Sivalingam AM; Community Medicine/Diabetes and Endocrinology, Pharmacology, Nanotechnology, Saveetha Medical College and Hospital, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Chennai, IND., Neha B; Biochemistry, Saveetha Medical College and Hospital, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Chennai, IND., Vimal S; Biochemistry, Saveetha Medical College and Hospital, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Chennai, IND.
Jazyk:	angličtina
Zdroj:	Cureus [Cureus] 2024 Aug 12; Vol. 16 (8), pp. e66674. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Aug 12 (Print Publication: 2024).
DOI:	10.7759/cureus.66674
Abstrakt:	Background: Tribulus terrestris , a plant known for its pharmacological properties, was investigated in this study for its potential anticancer effects against oral cancer cells. The study aimed to explore the phytochemical composition of T. terrestris seed extract and evaluate its cytotoxic, pro-apoptotic, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial activities. Materials and Methods: Methanolic seed extracts of T. terrestris were obtained and subjected to phytochemical analysis to identify bioactive compounds. The cytotoxic effect of the extract on oral cancer cells was evaluated using the MTT (3-(4, 5-dimethylthiazolyl-2)-2, 5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) assay, while pro-apoptotic effects were assessed through dual fluorescent staining. Antioxidant activity was measured using hydrogen peroxide and erythrocyte aggregation assays, while anti-inflammatory activity was evaluated through inhibition of albumin denaturation. Results: Phytochemical analysis revealed the presence of alkaloids, tannins, saponins, flavonoids, and phenols in T. terrestris seed extract. The extract demonstrated concentration-dependent cytotoxicity against oral cancer cells, with 100 μg/mL showing significant growth inhibition. Pro-apoptotic effects were observed, with characteristic morphological changes in cancer cells treated with the extract. Antioxidant activity was demonstrated by the extract, with methanol fraction of a flower (MFF) exhibiting the highest capacity, followed by total trichome fraction (TTF), and a positive correlation between phenolic content and free radical scavenging effectiveness was noted. Antimicrobial activity against various pathogens, including bacteria and fungi, was also observed, with higher concentrations showing increased efficacy. Conclusion: The study concludes that methanolic extracts of T. terrestris possess significant anticancer, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial activities. These findings highlight the potential of T. terrestris as a candidate for further research and clinical applications, either alone or in combination with other agents, for the treatment of oral cancer and associated conditions. Competing Interests: Human subjects: All authors have confirmed that this study did not involve human participants or tissue. Animal subjects: All authors have confirmed that this study did not involve animal subjects or tissue. Conflicts of interest: In compliance with the ICMJE uniform disclosure form, all authors declare the following: Payment/services info: All authors have declared that no financial support was received from any organization for the submitted work. Financial relationships: All authors have declared that they have no financial relationships at present or within the previous three years with any organizations that might have an interest in the submitted work. Other relationships: All authors have declared that there are no other relationships or activities that could appear to have influenced the submitted work. (Copyright © 2024, Malik et al.)
Databáze:	MEDLINE
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