Microbial richness and air chemistry in aerosols above the PBL confirm 2,000-km long-distance transport of potential human pathogens.

Autor:	Rodó X; Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA), Barcelona 08010, Spain.; Climate and Health Group, Climate, Air pollution, Nature and Urban Health, Barcelona Institute for Global Health, Barcelona 08003, Spain., Pozdniakova S; Climate and Health Group, Climate, Air pollution, Nature and Urban Health, Barcelona Institute for Global Health, Barcelona 08003, Spain., Borràs S; Climate and Health Group, Climate, Air pollution, Nature and Urban Health, Barcelona Institute for Global Health, Barcelona 08003, Spain., Matsuki A; Division of Atmospheric Environmental Studies, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa 920-1164, Japan., Tanimoto H; Earth System Division, National Institute for Environmental Studies, Tsukuba 305-8506, Japan., Armengol MP; Translational Genomics Facility, Fundació Institut de Recerca en Ciències de la Salut Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona 08916, Spain., Pey I; Translational Genomics Facility, Fundació Institut de Recerca en Ciències de la Salut Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona 08916, Spain., Vila J; Department of Clinical Microbiology, Biomedical Diagnostic Center, Hospital Clinic School of Medicine, University of Barcelona, Barcelona 08036, Spain.; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Infecciosas, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid 28029, Spain., Muñoz L; Department of Clinical Microbiology, Biomedical Diagnostic Center, Hospital Clinic School of Medicine, University of Barcelona, Barcelona 08036, Spain.; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Infecciosas, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid 28029, Spain., Santamaria S; Climate and Health Group, Climate, Air pollution, Nature and Urban Health, Barcelona Institute for Global Health, Barcelona 08003, Spain., Cañas L; Climate and Health Group, Climate, Air pollution, Nature and Urban Health, Barcelona Institute for Global Health, Barcelona 08003, Spain., Morguí JA; Climate and Health Group, Climate, Air pollution, Nature and Urban Health, Barcelona Institute for Global Health, Barcelona 08003, Spain., Fontal A; Climate and Health Group, Climate, Air pollution, Nature and Urban Health, Barcelona Institute for Global Health, Barcelona 08003, Spain.; Department of Microbiology, Genetics and Statistics, Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona, Barcelona 08028, Spain., Curcoll R; Ionising Radiation, Health and Environment, Institute of Energy Technologies, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, Barcelona 08028, Spain.
Jazyk:	angličtina
Zdroj:	Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America [Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A] 2024 Sep 17; Vol. 121 (38), pp. e2404191121. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Sep 09.
DOI:	10.1073/pnas.2404191121
Abstrakt:	The existence of viable human pathogens in bioaerosols which can cause infection or affect human health has been the subject of little research. In this study, data provided by 10 tropospheric aircraft surveys over Japan in 2014 confirm the existence of a vast diversity of microbial species up to 3,000 m height, which can be dispersed above the planetary boundary layer over distances of up to 2,000 km, thanks to strong winds from an area covered with massive cereal croplands in Northeast (NE) Asia. Microbes attached to aerosols reveal the presence of diverse bacterial and fungal taxa, including potential human pathogens, originating from sewage, pesticides, or fertilizers. Over 266 different fungal and 305 bacterial genera appeared in the 10 aircraft transects. Actinobacteria, Bacillota, Proteobacteria, and Bacteroidetes phyla dominated the bacteria composition and, for fungi, Ascomycota prevailed over Basidiomycota. Among the pathogenic species identified, human pathogens include bacteria such as Escherichia coli, Serratia marcescens, Prevotella melaninogenica, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Staphylococcus haemolyticus, Staphylococcus saprophyticus, Cutibacterium acnes, Clostridium difficile, Clostridium botulinum, Stenotrophomonas maltophilia, Shigella sonnei, Haemophillus parainfluenzae and Acinetobacter baumannii and health-relevant fungi such as Malassezia restricta , Malassezia globosa , Candida parapsilosis and Candida zeylanoides, Sarocladium kiliense, Cladosporium halotolerans, and Cladosporium herbarum . Diversity estimates were similar at heights and surface when entrainment of air from high altitudes occurred. Natural antimicrobial-resistant bacteria (ARB) cultured from air samples were found indicating long-distance spread of ARB and microbial viability. This would represent a novel way to disperse both viable human pathogens and resistance genes among distant geographical regions. Competing Interests: Competing interests statement:The authors declare no competing interest.
Databáze:	MEDLINE
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