Regional variations and drivers of essential and non-essential elements in Steller sea lion pups from the Aleutian Islands, Alaska.

Autor: Murillo Cisneros DA; Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas del Noroeste, S.C. Planeación Ambiental y Conservación, Instituto Politécnico Nacional 195, Playa Palo de Santa Rita Sur, La Paz, Baja California Sur C.P. 23096, Mexico., Bishop AM; Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alaska Anchorage, Anchorage, AK 99508, USA; Institute of Northern Engineering, Water and Environmental Research Center, University of Alaska Fairbanks, Fairbanks, AK 99775, USA., Zenteno-Savín T; Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas del Noroeste, S.C. Planeación Ambiental y Conservación, Instituto Politécnico Nacional 195, Playa Palo de Santa Rita Sur, La Paz, Baja California Sur C.P. 23096, Mexico. Electronic address: tzenteno04@cibnor.mx., Rea L; Institute of Northern Engineering, Water and Environmental Research Center, University of Alaska Fairbanks, Fairbanks, AK 99775, USA., Fadely B; Marine Mammal Laboratory, Alaska Fisheries Science Center, National Marine Fisheries Service, NOAA, Seattle, WA 98115, USA., Rosado-Berrios CA; Veterinary Integrative Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine & Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA., Taylor RJ; Veterinary Integrative Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine & Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA., O'Hara TM; Institute of Northern Engineering, Water and Environmental Research Center, University of Alaska Fairbanks, Fairbanks, AK 99775, USA; Veterinary Integrative Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine & Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: The Science of the total environment [Sci Total Environ] 2024 Nov 25; Vol. 953, pp. 176103. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Sep 06.
DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.176103
Abstrakt: Exposure and resulting tissue concentrations of various elements from natural and anthropogenic sources are influenced by multiple factors, such as geographic location, age, diet, and metabolic rate, that can influence wildlife health. Essential and non-essential elements were assessed in lanugo and whole blood collected in 2019 from 102 Steller sea lion (Eumetopias jubatus) pups from two rookeries from the western and central Aleutian Islands: Agattu (WAI, n = 54) and Ulak Islands (CAI, n = 48). Rookery, sex, dorsal standard length, and trophic ecology (ẟ 15 N, ẟ 13 C values) effects on element concentration were evaluated. Significant differences in element concentrations of lanugo were exhibited across rookeries (p < 0.05), except for zinc (Zn). For example, higher mercury (Hg) and selenium (Se) concentrations were observed in WAI than CAI, while other elements were lower in WAI. Whole blood showed higher sulfur (S) and Se concentrations in CAI compared to WAI, while WAI had elevated strontium (Sr) and Hg concentrations relative to CAI. Trophic ecology significantly influenced most element concentrations, possibly due to regional variations in adult female feeding and food web dynamics. Interactions between elements were found in lanugo across both rookeries, with varying strengths. Whole blood displayed less pronounced yet consistent associations, with variable intensities. Essential elements sodium (Na), potassium (K), and calcium (Ca) formed a distinct group whose interaction is crucial for nervous system function and muscle contraction. Another group comprised zinc (Zn), iron (Fe), manganese (Mn), magnesium (Mg), phosphorous (P), S, and Se, which are known for indirectly interacting with enzyme function and metabolic pathways. Hg and Se formed a distinct group probably due to their known chemical interactions and physiological protective interactions.
Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.
(Copyright © 2024. Published by Elsevier B.V.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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