Metabolite release by nitrifiers facilitates metabolic interactions in the ocean.

Autor:	Bayer B; Division of Microbial Ecology, Centre for Microbiology and Environmental Systems Science, University of Vienna, Djerassiplatz 1, 1030 Vienna, Austria.; Department of Ecology, Evolution and Marine Biology, Marine Science Institute, University of California, Santa Barbara, Lagoon Road, Santa Barbara, CA 93106, United States., Liu S; Department of Ecology, Evolution and Marine Biology, Marine Science Institute, University of California, Santa Barbara, Lagoon Road, Santa Barbara, CA 93106, United States.; Department of Environmental & Sustainability Sciences,Kean University, 1000 Morris Avenue, Union, NJ 07083, United States., Louie K; Environmental Genomics and Systems Biology Division and DOE Joint Genome Institute, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, United States., Northen TR; Environmental Genomics and Systems Biology Division and DOE Joint Genome Institute, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, United States., Wagner M; Division of Microbial Ecology, Centre for Microbiology and Environmental Systems Science, University of Vienna, Djerassiplatz 1, 1030 Vienna, Austria.; Department of Chemistry and Bioscience, Center for Microbial Communities, Fredrik Bajers Vej 7H, Aalborg University, 9220 Aalborg, Denmark., Daims H; Division of Microbial Ecology, Centre for Microbiology and Environmental Systems Science, University of Vienna, Djerassiplatz 1, 1030 Vienna, Austria.; The Comammox Research Platform, University of Vienna, Djerassiplatz 1, 1030 Vienna, Austria., Carlson CA; Department of Ecology, Evolution and Marine Biology, Marine Science Institute, University of California, Santa Barbara, Lagoon Road, Santa Barbara, CA 93106, United States., Santoro AE; Department of Ecology, Evolution and Marine Biology, Marine Science Institute, University of California, Santa Barbara, Lagoon Road, Santa Barbara, CA 93106, United States.
Jazyk:	angličtina
Zdroj:	The ISME journal [ISME J] 2024 Jan 08; Vol. 18 (1).
DOI:	10.1093/ismejo/wrae172
Abstrakt:	Microbial chemoautotroph-heterotroph interactions may play a pivotal role in the cycling of carbon in the deep ocean, reminiscent of phytoplankton-heterotroph associations in surface waters. Nitrifiers are the most abundant chemoautotrophs in the global ocean, yet very little is known about nitrifier metabolite production, release, and transfer to heterotrophic microbial communities. To elucidate which organic compounds are released by nitrifiers and potentially available to heterotrophs, we characterized the exo- and endometabolomes of the ammonia-oxidizing archaeon Nitrosopumilus adriaticus CCS1 and the nitrite-oxidizing bacterium Nitrospina gracilis Nb-211. Nitrifier endometabolome composition was not a good predictor of exometabolite availability, indicating that metabolites were predominately released by mechanisms other than cell death/lysis. Although both nitrifiers released labile organic compounds, N. adriaticus preferentially released amino acids, particularly glycine, suggesting that its cell membranes might be more permeable to small, hydrophobic amino acids. We further initiated co-culture systems between each nitrifier and a heterotrophic alphaproteobacterium, and compared exometabolite and transcript patterns of nitrifiers grown axenically to those in co-culture. In particular, B vitamins exhibited dynamic production and consumption patterns in nitrifier-heterotroph co-cultures. We observed an increased production of vitamin B2 and the vitamin B12 lower ligand dimethylbenzimidazole by N. adriaticus and N. gracilis, respectively. In contrast, the heterotroph likely produced vitamin B5 in co-culture with both nitrifiers and consumed the vitamin B7 precursor dethiobiotin when grown with N. gracilis. Our results indicate that B vitamins and their precursors could play a particularly important role in governing specific metabolic interactions between nitrifiers and heterotrophic microbes in the ocean. (© The Author(s) 2024. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the International Society for Microbial Ecology.)
Databáze:	MEDLINE
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