Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) in drinking water in Southeast Los Angeles: Industrial legacy and environmental justice.

Autor: Von Behren J; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA. Electronic address: julie.vonbehren@UCSF.edu., Reynolds P; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA., Bradley PM; U.S. Geological Survey, Columbia, SC, USA., Gray JL; U.S. Geological Survey, Lakewood, CO, USA., Kolpin DW; U.S. Geological Survey, Iowa City, Iowa, USA., Romanok KM; U.S. Geological Survey, Lawrenceville, NJ, USA., Smalling KL; U.S. Geological Survey, Lawrenceville, NJ, USA., Carpenter C; Tracking California, Public Health Institute, Oakland, CA, USA., Avila W; Communities for a Better Environment, Los Angeles, CA, USA., Ventura A; Clean Water Fund, Oakland, CA, USA., English PB; Tracking California, Public Health Institute, Oakland, CA, USA., Jones RR; Occupational and Environmental Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, MD, USA., Solomon GM; Division of Occupational, Environmental and Climate Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: The Science of the total environment [Sci Total Environ] 2024 Nov 25; Vol. 953, pp. 176067. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Sep 05.
DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.176067
Abstrakt: Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are persistent chemicals of increasing concern to human health. PFAS contamination in water systems has been linked to a variety of sources including hydrocarbon fire suppression activities, industrial and military land uses, agricultural applications of biosolids, and consumer products. To assess PFAS in California tap water, we collected 60 water samples from inside homes in four different geographic regions, both urban and rural. We selected mostly small water systems with known history of industrial chemical or pesticide contamination and that served socioeconomically disadvantaged communities. Thirty percent of the tap water samples (18) had a detection of at least one of the 32 targeted PFAS and most detections (89 %) occurred in heavily industrialized Southeast Los Angeles (SELA). The residents of SELA are predominately Latino and low-income. Concentrations of perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) and perfluorooctanesulfonic acid (PFOS) ranged from 6.8 to 13.6 ng/L and 9.4-17.8 ng/L, respectively in SELA and were higher than State (PFOA: 0.007 ng/L; PFOS: 1.0 ng/L) and national health-based goals (zero). To look for geographic patterns, we mapped potential sources of PFAS contamination, such as chrome plating facilities, airports, landfills, and refineries, located near the SELA water systems; consistent with the multiple potential sources in the area, no clear spatial associations were observed. The results indicate the importance of systematic testing of PFAS in tap water, continued development of PFAS regulatory standards and advisories for a greater number of compounds, improved drinking-water treatments to mitigate potential health threats to communities, especially in socioeconomically disadvantaged and industrialized areas.
Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.
(Copyright © 2024 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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