Phycoremediation of 1,4 dioxane-laden wastewater: A Techno-economic and sustainable development approach.

Autor: Rafat M; Biotechnology Program, Basic and Applied Science Institute, Egypt-Japan University of Science and Technology (E-JUST), New Borg El-Arab City, Alexandria, 21934, Egypt; Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria, 21526, Egypt., Ghazy MA; Biotechnology Program, Basic and Applied Science Institute, Egypt-Japan University of Science and Technology (E-JUST), New Borg El-Arab City, Alexandria, 21934, Egypt; Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, Cairo, 11566, Egypt. Electronic address: mohamed.ghazy@ejust.edu.eg., Nasr M; Environmental Engineering Department, Egypt-Japan University of Science and Technology (E-JUST), New Borg El-Arab City, Alexandria, 21934, Egypt; Sanitary Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Alexandria University, P.O. Box 21544, Alexandria, 21526, Egypt.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Journal of environmental management [J Environ Manage] 2024 Nov; Vol. 370, pp. 122387. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Sep 07.
DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2024.122387
Abstrakt: Microalgal tolerance to emerging contaminants (ECs) such as 1,4 dioxane (DXN) and its impact on phycoremediation performance, algal growth, biomolecules generated, and recycling the produced biomass for biochar production has been rarely reported. Hence, Chlorella vulgaris was cultivated in DXN-free wastewater (WW1) and 100 mg L -1 DXN-laden wastewater (WW2) in 1-liter photobioreactors with an operating volume of 800 ml under controlled conditions: temperature (25 ± 1 °C), light intensity (351 μmol m -2 s -1 ), and photoperiod (12 h light:12 h dark). Interestingly, this microalgal-based system achieved up to 32.79% removal efficiency of DXN in WW2. In addition, there was no significant difference in the removal of COD (90.6% and 86.8%) and NH 4 -N (74.5% and 76.8%) between WW1 and WW2, respectively. Moreover, the variation in C. vulgaris growth, pigments, lipid, and carbohydrate contents between the two applied wastewaters was negligible. However, there was a significant increase in the protein yield upon exposure to DXN, suggesting the ability of C. vulgaris to secrete various antioxidant and degrading enzymes to detoxify the contaminant. These results were validated by FTIR, SEM, and EDX analysis of C. vulgaris biomass with and without DXN exposure. The harvested biomass was thermally treated at 350 °C for 60 min in an oxygen-free environment. The biochars generated from both algal systems were characterized by comparable morphologies and elemental profiles with sufficient C and N contents, indicating their applicability to enhance the soil properties. The economic evaluation of the combined phycoremediation/pyrolysis system demonstrated a net profit of 596 USD⋅y -1 with a payback period of 6.2 years and fulfilled the objectives of several sustainable development goals (SDGs). This is the first study to point to C. vulgaris as a robust microalgal strain in remediating DXN-laden wastewater accompanied by the potential recyclability of the biomass produced for biochar production.
Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.
(Copyright © 2024 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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