Vitamin D Alleviates Heavy Metal-Induced Cytotoxic Effects on Human Bone Osteoblasts Via the Induction of Bioenergetic Disruption, Oxidative Stress, and Apoptosis.

Autor: Elmorsy EM; Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Northern Border University, 91431, Arar, Saudi Arabia. ekramy.elmorsy@nbu.edu.sa.; Center for Health Research, Northern Border University, Arar, Saudi Arabia. ekramy.elmorsy@nbu.edu.sa., Al-Ghafari AB; Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, 21589, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.; Experimental Biochemistry Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, 21589, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia., Al Doghaither HA; Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, 21589, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia., Alrowaili MG; Department of Surgery (Orthopedic Division), Faculty of Medicine, Northern Border University, Arar, Saudi Arabia., Khired ZA; Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, Jazan University, 45142, Jazan, Saudi Arabia., Toraih EA; Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, 70112, USA. etoraih@tulane.edu.; Genetics Unit, Department of Histology and Cell Biology, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, 41522, Egypt. etoraih@tulane.edu., Fawzy MS; Center for Health Research, Northern Border University, Arar, Saudi Arabia.; Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Northern Border University, 73213, Arar, Saudi Arabia.; Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, 41522, Egypt., Shehata SA; Department of Forensic Medicine and Clinical Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, 41522, Egypt.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Biological trace element research [Biol Trace Elem Res] 2024 Sep 05. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Sep 05.
DOI: 10.1007/s12011-024-04337-8
Abstrakt: Cadmium (Cd) and lead (Pb) are heavy metals (HMs) that persistently contaminate the ecosystem, and bioaccumulation in bones is a health concern. We used biochemical and molecular assays to assess the cytoprotective effect of vitamin D (VD) on Cd- and Pd-induced chemical toxicity of human bone osteoblasts in vitro. Exposing Cd and Pb to human osteoblast cultures at concentrations of 0.1-1000 µM for 24-72 h significantly reduced osteoblast viability in an exposure time- and concentration-dependent manner. The cytotoxic effect of Cd on osteoblasts was more severe than Pb's, with 72-h exposure estimated half maximal effective concentration (EC50) of 8 and 12 µM, respectively, and VD (1 and 10 nM) alleviated cytotoxicity. Bioenergetics assays of ATP, mitochondrial membrane potential, and mitochondrial complex I and III activity showed that both Cd and Pb (1 and 10 µM) inhibited cellular bioenergetics after 72-h exposure. Cd and Pb increased lipid peroxidation and reactive oxygen species with reduced catalase/superoxide dismutase antioxidant activities and increased activity of caspases -3, -8, and -9. Co-treatment with VD (1 and 10 nM) counteracted bioenergetic disruption, oxidative damage, and apoptosis in a concentration-dependent manner. These findings suggest that VD is effective in managing the toxic effects of environmental pollutants and in treating bone diseases characterized by oxidative stress, apoptosis, and bioenergetic disruption.
(© 2024. The Author(s).)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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