Pathophysiology and Evolving Treatment Options of Septic Arthritis: A Narrative Review.

Autor:	Kaye AD; Department of Anesthesiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, USA., Greene D; Department of Medicine, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, USA., Alvarez-Amado AV; School of Medicine, American University of the Caribbean, Cupecoy, SXM., Townsend HL; School of Medicine, American University of the Caribbean, Cupecoy, SXM., Forte M; School of Medicine, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center New Orleans, New Orleans, USA., Vasterling M; School of Medicine, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center New Orleans, New Orleans, USA., Hirsch JD; Department of Anesthesiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, USA., Howard J; Department of Anesthesiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, USA., Ahmadzadeh S; Department of Anesthesiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, USA., Willett O; Department of Anesthesiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, USA., Kaye AM; Department of Pharmacy Practice, Thomas J. Long School of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, University of the Pacific, Stockton, USA., Shekoohi S; Department of Anesthesiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, USA., Varrassi G; Department of Pain Medicine, Paolo Procacci Foundation, Rome, ITA.
Jazyk:	angličtina
Zdroj:	Cureus [Cureus] 2024 Jul 31; Vol. 16 (7), pp. e65883. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Jul 31 (Print Publication: 2024).
DOI:	10.7759/cureus.65883
Abstrakt:	Pyogenic (septic) arthritis is a severe joint infection characterized by the invasion of microorganisms into the synovium, causing inflammation and joint destruction. This review article provides a comprehensive overview of pyogenic arthritis, focusing on etiology, pathogenesis, clinical manifestations, diagnosis, and management strategies. This review explores routes of microbial entry into joints, emphasizing the importance of prompt identification and treatment to prevent irreversible joint damage. Clinical manifestations, such as joint pain, swelling, and limited range of motion, are discussed, along with the challenges in differentiating pyogenic arthritis from other joint disorders. Diagnostic approaches, including joint aspiration and imaging modalities, are critically examined for accuracy in confirming diagnosis. This review also addresses the significance of early intervention through antimicrobial therapy and joint drainage, highlighting the role of multidisciplinary collaboration in optimizing patient outcomes. In summary, the present investigation underscores the complexities of pyogenic arthritis and the need for a comprehensive understanding of pathophysiology for timely and effective management to improve patient prognosis and quality of life. Competing Interests: Conflicts of interest: In compliance with the ICMJE uniform disclosure form, all authors declare the following: Payment/services info: All authors have declared that no financial support was received from any organization for the submitted work. Financial relationships: All authors have declared that they have no financial relationships at present or within the previous three years with any organizations that might have an interest in the submitted work. Other relationships: All authors have declared that there are no other relationships or activities that could appear to have influenced the submitted work. (Copyright © 2024, Kaye et al.)
Databáze:	MEDLINE
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