Exploring sex differences in periodic leg movements during sleep across the lifespan of patients with restless legs syndrome.

Autor: Mogavero MP; Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy; Sleep Disorders Center, Division of Neuroscience, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy., Lanza G; Clinical Neurophysiology Research Unit and Sleep Research Centre, Oasi Research Institute-IRCCS, Troina, Italy; Department of Surgery and Medical-Surgical Specialties, University of Catania, Catania, Italy., DelRosso LM; University of California San Francisco, Fresno, CA, USA., Lanuzza B; Clinical Neurophysiology Research Unit and Sleep Research Centre, Oasi Research Institute-IRCCS, Troina, Italy., Bruni O; Department of Social and Developmental Psychology, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy., Ferini Strambi L; Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy; Sleep Disorders Center, Division of Neuroscience, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy., Ferri R; Clinical Neurophysiology Research Unit and Sleep Research Centre, Oasi Research Institute-IRCCS, Troina, Italy. Electronic address: rferri@oasi.en.it.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Sleep medicine [Sleep Med] 2024 Oct; Vol. 122, pp. 253-257. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Aug 22.
DOI: 10.1016/j.sleep.2024.08.023
Abstrakt: Background: Restless legs syndrome (RLS) and periodic leg movements during sleep (PLMS) are prevalent sleep disorders with significant implications for health and well-being. While previous research has highlighted sex-related disparities in RLS and PLMS prevalence, comprehensive understanding of these differences across the lifespan remains limited. This study aims to explore sex differences in RLS and PLMS across diverse age groups, spanning ages 2 to over 80 years, and to investigate the underlying mechanisms influenced by sex hormones.
Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on drug-free patients diagnosed with RLS, including 95 females (age range: 2-83.2 years) and 89 males (age range: 2-79.5 years). Polysomnographic recordings were analyzed to assess leg movement activity, including PLMS index and Periodicity index.
Results: A more rapid increase in PLMS index was observed in women starting before age 10, plateauing lower than men until around age 55. An increase in women occurred after 55, lasting over a decade, while in men, PLMS index continued to rise after 75. Conversely, Periodicity index displayed a simpler pattern, increasing progressively from prepuberty to around 35 in males and 45-50 in females. Females maintained a slightly higher Periodicity index than males for over a decade after this age.
Conclusion: These findings underscore the complex interplay between sex hormones, age, and sleep disorders, highlighting the need for tailored approaches to diagnosis and management across diverse demographic cohorts. Further research is warranted to elucidate the underlying mechanisms and develop targeted interventions to optimize sleep health outcomes.
Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare the following financial interests/personal relationships which may be considered as potential competing interests: Raffaele Ferri reports financial support was provided by Italian Ministry of Health. If there are other authors, they declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.
(Copyright © 2024 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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