Mycobacterium tuberculosis cough aerosol culture status associates with host characteristics and inflammatory profiles.

Autor: Nduba V; Centre for Respiratory Diseases Research, Kenya Medical Research Institute, Nairobi, Kenya., Njagi LN; Centre for Respiratory Diseases Research, Kenya Medical Research Institute, Nairobi, Kenya., Murithi W; Centre for Respiratory Diseases Research, Kenya Medical Research Institute, Nairobi, Kenya., Mwongera Z; Centre for Respiratory Diseases Research, Kenya Medical Research Institute, Nairobi, Kenya., Byers J; Department of Global Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA., Logioia G; Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA., Peterson G; Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA., Segnitz RM; Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA., Fennelly K; Division of Intramural Research, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute (NHLBI), National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA., Hawn TR; Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA., Horne DJ; Department of Global Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA. dhorne@uw.edu.; Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA. dhorne@uw.edu.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Nature communications [Nat Commun] 2024 Sep 01; Vol. 15 (1), pp. 7604. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Sep 01.
DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-52122-x
Abstrakt: Interrupting transmission events is critical to tuberculosis control. Cough-generated aerosol cultures predict tuberculosis transmission better than microbiological or clinical markers. We hypothesize that highly infectious individuals with pulmonary tuberculosis (positive for cough aerosol cultures) have elevated inflammatory markers and unique transcriptional profiles compared to less infectious individuals. We performed a prospective, longitudinal study using cough aerosol sampling system. We enrolled 142 participants with treatment-naïve pulmonary tuberculosis in Kenya and assessed the association of clinical, microbiologic, and immunologic characteristics with Mycobacterium tuberculosis aerosolization and transmission in 129 household members. Contacts of the forty-three aerosol culture-positive participants (30%) are more likely to have a positive interferon-gamma release assay (85% vs 53%, P = 0.006) and higher median IFNγ level (P < 0.001, 4.28 IU/ml (1.77-5.91) vs. 0.71 (0.01-3.56)) compared to aerosol culture-negative individuals. We find that higher bacillary burden, younger age, larger mean upper arm circumference, and host inflammatory profiles, including elevated serum C-reactive protein and lower plasma TNF levels, associate with positive cough aerosol cultures. Notably, we find pre-treatment whole blood transcriptional profiles associate with aerosol culture status, independent of bacillary load. These findings suggest that tuberculosis infectiousness is associated with epidemiologic characteristics and inflammatory signatures and that these features may identify highly infectious persons.
(© 2024. The Author(s).)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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