Assessment of an eco-efficient process for the optimization of metal recovery in lithium cobalt oxide and lithium nickel manganese cobalt oxide batteries.

Autor: Barros TV; Department of Chemical Engineering, State University of Maringá (UEM), Maringá, PR, 87020-900, Brazil; School of Engineering, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC, 3000, Australia., de Oliveira JA; School of Engineering, Sao Paulo State University (UNESP), Campus of Sao Joao da Boa Vista, Sao Joao da Boa Vista, SP, 13876-750, Brazil., Dos Santos MP; School of Engineering, Sao Paulo State University (UNESP), Campus of Sao Joao da Boa Vista, Sao Joao da Boa Vista, SP, 13876-750, Brazil., Bispo DF; Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Sergipe (UFS), São Cristovão, SE, BR, 49100-000, Brazil., Freitas LDS; Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Sergipe (UFS), São Cristovão, SE, BR, 49100-000, Brazil., Jegatheesan V; School of Engineering, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC, 3000, Australia., Cardozo-Filho L; Department of Chemical Engineering, State University of Maringá (UEM), Maringá, PR, 87020-900, Brazil; School of Engineering, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC, 3000, Australia; School of Engineering, Sao Paulo State University (UNESP), Campus of Sao Joao da Boa Vista, Sao Joao da Boa Vista, SP, 13876-750, Brazil. Electronic address: lcfilho@uem.br.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Chemosphere [Chemosphere] 2024 Sep; Vol. 364, pp. 143209. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Aug 29.
DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.143209
Abstrakt: The expansion of technology motivates the increase of global demands for critical minerals. In this context, the exploration of secondary sources of these components is expanding. End-of-life batteries can be seen as potential sources of lithium, cobalt, nickel and manganese for electric vehicles or diverse applications in electronic equipments. This paper provides a comprehensive evaluation of the recovery of metals from waste batteries with diverse chemistry composition. Lithium cobalt oxide (LCO) and lithium nickel cobalt manganese oxide (NMC) batteries were co-treated with polyvinyl chloride (PVC) channels under supercritical water, varying reaction temperature (400-600 °C) and PVC/Battery composition (0-3 m/m) in a tubular continuous reactor. Results show high recovery rates for all metals, with up to 90% percentage recovery of lithium and cobalt in all cases. Temperature and feed composition were identified as determining factors for the recovery of lithium from LCO batteries. In the case of cobalt, temperature was identified as the most important factor that affects its recovery. The selected optimal conditions for cobalt recovery in the solid products of reactions were identified for batteries LCO and NMC: temperature of 600 °C and PVC/Battery ratio of 3.0 and temperature of 500 °C and PVC/Battery ratio of 1.5, respectively. Environmental impacts, primarily Global Warming Potential (GWP), were minimal, with 4.71·10 -5  kg CO 2 eq., indicating the benefits of the process as an eco-efficient and promising route for the recycling of valuable metals.
Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare the following financial interests/personal relationships which may be considered as potential competing interests: Thiago Vinicius Barros reports financial support was provided by National Council for Scientific and Technological Development. Lucio Cardozo-Filho reports financial support was provided by National Council for Scientific and Technological Development and State of Sao Paulo Research Foundation. Jose Augusto de Oliveira and Mirian Paula dos Santos reports financial support was provided by State of Sao Paulo Research Foundation. Thiago Vinicius Barros, Jose Augusto de Oliveira, Mirian Paula dos Santos and Lucio Cardozo-Filho have a patent #US 63/518,982 pending to EMBRAER S.A. and UNESP. The other authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.
(Copyright © 2024 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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