Pigmented basal cell carcinoma of the anus: a rare entity with diagnostic challenges.

Autor: Fuentes-Calvo KJ; General Surgery Department, Hospital Médica Sur, Mexico City, Mexico., Silva-Ramos CS; General Surgery Department, Hospital Médica Sur, Mexico City, Mexico., Arechavala-López SF; Hospital Médica Sur, México City, Mexico., Aguilar-Ruiz F; General Surgery Department, Hospital Médica Sur, Mexico City, Mexico., Arias-Ruiz LF; Department of Anatomic Pathology, Fundación Clínica Médica Sur, Mexico City, Mexico., Trejo-Ávila M; Department of Colon and Rectal Surgery, Hospital Médica Sur, Mexico City, Mexico.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Journal of surgical case reports [J Surg Case Rep] 2024 Aug 28; Vol. 2024 (8), pp. rjae554. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Aug 28 (Print Publication: 2024).
DOI: 10.1093/jscr/rjae554
Abstrakt: Anal cancer is uncommon, comprising 2.2% of gastrointestinal cancers. Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is the most common; while perianal basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is rare, representing only 0.2% of anorectal malignancies. BCC, associated with sun exposure and immunosuppression, often resembles benign conditions and manifests as perianal ulcers or masses. Histologically, BCC exhibits basaloid tumor cells with distinct patterns. Despite its rarity, accurate diagnosis is crucial. We expose a case study of a 59-year-old male, previously healthy, that presented with hematochezia and perianal pain, leading to a diagnosis of lower gastrointestinal bleeding. Colonoscopy was needed, and a biopsy revealed an ulcerated, indurated lesion involving the left lateral hemorrhoidal bundle, diagnosed as pigmented basaloid carcinoma. Microscopic examination showed malignant nests of cells with peripheral nuclear palisading, melanocytes, and melanin pigment. Immunohistochemistry confirmed positivity for p63, CK5/6, and BCL2. Respect the treatment, due to the involvement of the anal sphincteric muscle, radiotherapy was chosen.
Competing Interests: The authors declare no conflicts of interest.
(Published by Oxford University Press and JSCR Publishing Ltd. © The Author(s) 2024.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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