Outcome of Retinoblastoma After Implementation of National Retinoblastoma Treatment Guidelines in South Africa.

Autor:	Kruger M; Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa.; Tygerberg Hospital, Cape Town, South Africa., van Elsland SL; Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa.; Tygerberg Hospital, Cape Town, South Africa.; MRC Centre for Global Infectious Disease Analysis, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom., Davidson A; Haematology-Oncology Service, Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, Red Cross Children's Hospital, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa., Stones D; Department of Pediatrics, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein, South Africa.; Universitas Hospital, Bloemfontein, South Africa., du Plessis J; Department of Pediatrics, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein, South Africa.; Universitas Hospital, Bloemfontein, South Africa., Naidu G; Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa.; Chris Hani Baragwanath Academic Hospital, Johannesburg, South Africa., Geel J; Division of Pediatric Hematology Oncology, Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, School of Clinical Medicine, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa.; Charlotte Maxeke Johannesburg Academic Hospital, Johannesburg, South Africa., Poole J; Division of Pediatric Hematology Oncology, Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, School of Clinical Medicine, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa.; Charlotte Maxeke Johannesburg Academic Hospital, Johannesburg, South Africa., Schoeman J; Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa.; Tygerberg Hospital, Cape Town, South Africa., Stannard C; Department Radiation Oncology, Groote Schuur Hospital, Cape Town, South Africa.; Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa., Mustak H; Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.; Department of Ophthalmology, Groote Schuur Hospital, Cape Town, South Africa., van Zyl A; Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa.; Tygerberg Hospital, Cape Town, South Africa., Wetter J; Department Radiation Oncology, Groote Schuur Hospital, Cape Town, South Africa.; Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa., Lecuona K; Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.; Department of Ophthalmology, Groote Schuur Hospital, Cape Town, South Africa.
Jazyk:	angličtina
Zdroj:	JCO global oncology [JCO Glob Oncol] 2024 Aug; Vol. 10, pp. e2400034.
DOI:	10.1200/GO.24.00034
Abstrakt:	Purpose: Retinoblastoma, a curable childhood cancer, has been identified as a tracer cancer in the WHO Global Initiative for Childhood Cancer. To document the outcomes of children with retinoblastoma in South Africa, treated as per the first prospective standard national treatment guidelines for childhood cancer in South Africa. Patients and Methods: All children diagnosed with retinoblastoma between 2012 and 2016 in five South African pediatric oncology units were treated with a standard treatment on the basis of the International Society of Pediatric Oncology-Pediatric Oncology in Developing Countries guidelines for high-income settings. Treatment included focal therapy with/without chemotherapy, or enucleation with/without chemotherapy, and orbital radiotherapy, depending on enucleated eye histology. The end point was survival at 24 months, using Kaplan-Meier curves with log-rank (Mantel-Cox) and chi-square (χ2) tests with respective P values reported. Results: A total of 178 children were included in the study; 68% presented with unilateral disease. The median age was 27 months (range 0-118 months) with a male:female ratio of 1:0.75. The overall survival was 79% at 24 months with significant association with stage at diagnosis ( P < .001) and older age over 2 years as opposed to younger than 2 years ( P < .001). Causes of death were disease progression/relapses in 90% (34 of 38) and unknown in 2% (1 of 38), whereas treatment abandonment was 1.7% (3 of 178). Conclusion: Efficacy with national treatment guidelines was confirmed, and feasibility of implementing standard national childhood cancer treatment guidelines was documented, involving multidisciplinary teams in South Africa. Outcome was significantly associated with stage at diagnosis and age.
Databáze:	MEDLINE
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