Efficacy of topical local anesthetic, topical cooling spray, and audiovisual distraction on relief of needle-related pain during blood collection: A randomized controlled trial.

Autor:	Puangrab S; Department of Anesthesiology, School of Medicine, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat, Thailand., Tawanwongsri W; Division of Dermatology, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat, Thailand.; Center of Excellence in Data Science and Health Study, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat, Thailand., Mordmuang A; Department of Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat, Thailand., Khocharoen W; Walailak University Hospital, Nakhon Si Thammarat, Thailand., Krainukun P; Walailak University Hospital, Nakhon Si Thammarat, Thailand.
Jazyk:	angličtina
Zdroj:	Advances in clinical and experimental medicine : official organ Wroclaw Medical University [Adv Clin Exp Med] 2024 Aug 29. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Aug 29.
DOI:	10.17219/acem/188106
Abstrakt:	Background: Venipuncture is one of the most common invasive procedures in healthcare, often resulting in the experience of pain. While audiovisual distraction, topical anesthesia and cold spray application have been reported as methods to reduce pain, there is a lack of studies that focus on comparing their efficacy and safety. Objectives: We aimed to compare the efficacy and safety of pain reduction during venipuncture using audiovisual distraction, topical anesthesia and cold spray application. Material and Methods: A randomized controlled study was conducted at Walailak University (Nakhon Si Thammarat, Thailand) from April 2023 to July 2023. Eligible adult participants voluntarily enrolled in the study and were randomly assigned to 1 of 4 groups: group 1 (control), group 2 (topical anesthetic), group 3 (cooling spray), and group 4 (audiovisual distraction). Pain scores and satisfaction levels were assessed following the venipuncture procedure on the upper extremities. Results: Forty-seven participants were included in the final analysis. The participants had a mean age of 42.3 years (standard deviation (±SD): 13.1), with the majority being female (66.0%). The participants in the intervention groups reported lower pain scores than those in group 1. The mean differences were 2.67 points in group 2 (95% confidence interval (95% CI): 1.49-3.84; p < 0.001), 1.56 points in group 3 (95% CI: 0.15-2.98; p = 0.077), and 1.67 points in group 4 (95% CI: 0.37-2.96; p = 0.042). However, the pain reduction did not reach statistical significance when comparing these 3 interventions. All groups reported a median satisfaction level of 3, with no significant difference among them (H(3) = 6.050, p = 0.109). Conclusions: Pain reduction interventions, including topical anesthetic, cooling spray and audiovisual distraction, are effective methods for alleviating pain during venipuncture. Participants who received a topical anesthetic reported the lowest pain scores and highest levels of satisfaction.
Databáze:	MEDLINE
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