| Autor: |
Runge M; MMGH Consulting, 8049 Zurich, Switzerland., Karimian Z; Division of Science, Information and Dissemination, WHO Regional Office for the Eastern Mediterranean, Cairo 11371, Egypt.; Heidelberg Institute of Global Health, Heidelberg University Hospital, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany., Kheirandish M; Division of Science, Information and Dissemination, WHO Regional Office for the Eastern Mediterranean, Cairo 11371, Egypt., Borghi G; MMGH Consulting, 8049 Zurich, Switzerland., Wodniak N; MMGH Consulting, 8049 Zurich, Switzerland., Fahmy K; Division of Communicable Diseases, WHO Regional Office for the Eastern Mediterranean, Cairo 11516, Egypt., Mantel C; MMGH Consulting, 8049 Zurich, Switzerland., Cherian T; MMGH Consulting, 8049 Zurich, Switzerland., Nabil Ahmed Said Z; Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine (for Girls), Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11651, Egypt., Najafi F; Research Center for Environmental Determinants of Health (RCEDH), Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah 6713954658, Iran., Thneibat F; Jordan Ministry of Health, Amman 11118, Jordan., Ul-Haq Z; Institute of Public Health and Social Sciences, Khyber Medical University, Peshawar 25100, Pakistan.; Institute of Health and Wellbeing, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UK., Fazid S; Institute of Public Health and Social Sciences, Khyber Medical University, Peshawar 25100, Pakistan., Ibrahim Salama I; Department of Community Medicine Research, National Research Centre, Cairo 12622, Egypt., Khosravi Shadmani F; Research Center for Environmental Determinants of Health (RCEDH), Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah 6713954658, Iran., Alrawashdeh A; Department of Allied Medical Sciences, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Amman 3030, Jordan., Sirous S; WHO Country Office for Iran, Tehran 8453193445, Iran., Bellizzi S; WHO Country Office for Jordan, Amman 11181, Jordan., Ahmed A; WHO Country Office for Egypt, Cairo 11516, Egypt., Lukwiya M; WHO Country Office for Pakistan, Islamabad P.O. Box 1013 44000, Pakistan., Rashidian A; Division of Science, Information and Dissemination, WHO Regional Office for the Eastern Mediterranean, Cairo 11371, Egypt., On Behalf Of The Consortium Of Authors |
| Abstrakt: |
Vaccine effectiveness (VE) studies provide real-world evidence to monitor vaccine performance and inform policy. The WHO Regional Office for the Eastern Mediterranean supported a regional study to assess the VE of COVID-19 vaccines against different clinical outcomes in four countries between June 2021 and August 2023. Health worker cohort studies were conducted in 2707 health workers in Egypt and Pakistan, of whom 171 experienced symptomatic laboratory-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection. Test-negative design case-control studies were conducted in Iran and Jordan in 4017 severe acute respiratory infection (SARI) patients (2347 controls and 1670 cases) during the Omicron variant dominant period. VE estimates were calculated for each study and pooled by study design for several vaccine types (BBIBP-CorV, AZD1222, BNT162b2, and mRNA-1273, among others). Among health workers, VE against symptomatic infection of a complete primary series could only be computed compared to partial vaccination, suggesting a benefit of providing an additional dose of mRNA vaccines (VE: 88.9%, 95%CI: 15.3-98.6%), while results were inconclusive for other vaccine products. Among SARI patients, VE against hospitalization of a complete primary series with any vaccine compared to non-vaccinated was 20.9% (95%CI: 4.5-34.5%). Effectiveness estimates for individual vaccines, booster doses, and secondary outcomes (intensive care unit admission and death) were inconclusive. Future VE studies will need to address challenges in both design and analysis when conducted late during a pandemic and will be able to utilize the strengthened capacities in countries. |
