Long-Term Protective Immunity against Ehrlichia chaffeensis Infection Induced by a Genetically Modified Live Vaccine.

Autor:	Madesh S; Center of Excellence for Vector-Borne Diseases, Department of Diagnostic Medicine/Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA.; Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Bond Life Sciences Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA., McGill J; Department of Veterinary Microbiology & Preventive Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA., Jaworski DC; Center of Excellence for Vector-Borne Diseases, Department of Diagnostic Medicine/Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA., Ferm J; Center of Excellence for Vector-Borne Diseases, Department of Diagnostic Medicine/Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA.; Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Bond Life Sciences Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA., Liu H; Center of Excellence for Vector-Borne Diseases, Department of Diagnostic Medicine/Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA.; Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Bond Life Sciences Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA., Fitzwater S; Center of Excellence for Vector-Borne Diseases, Department of Diagnostic Medicine/Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA., Hove P; Center of Excellence for Vector-Borne Diseases, Department of Diagnostic Medicine/Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA., Ferm D; Center of Excellence for Vector-Borne Diseases, Department of Diagnostic Medicine/Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA.; Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Bond Life Sciences Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA., Nair A; Center of Excellence for Vector-Borne Diseases, Department of Diagnostic Medicine/Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA., Knox CA; Center of Excellence for Vector-Borne Diseases, Department of Diagnostic Medicine/Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA., Alizadeh K; Center of Excellence for Vector-Borne Diseases, Department of Diagnostic Medicine/Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA., Thackrah A; Center of Excellence for Vector-Borne Diseases, Department of Diagnostic Medicine/Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA., Ganta RR; Center of Excellence for Vector-Borne Diseases, Department of Diagnostic Medicine/Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA.; Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Bond Life Sciences Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA.
Jazyk:	angličtina
Zdroj:	Vaccines [Vaccines (Basel)] 2024 Aug 09; Vol. 12 (8). Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Aug 09.
DOI:	10.3390/vaccines12080903
Abstrakt:	Human monocytic ehrlichiosis, an emerging tick-borne disease, is caused by Ehrlichia chaffeensis . Infections with the pathogen are also common in the canine host. Our previous studies demonstrated that functional disruption within the E. chaffeensis phage head-to-tail connector protein gene results in bacterial attenuation, creating a modified live attenuated vaccine (MLAV). The MLAV confers protective immunity against intravenous and tick transmission challenges one month following vaccination. In this study, we evaluated the duration of MLAV protection. Dogs vaccinated with the MLAV were challenged with wild-type E. chaffeensis via intravenous infection at 4-, 8-, and 12-months post-vaccination. Immunized dogs rapidly cleared the wild-type pathogen infection and tested positive for bacteremia less frequently than unvaccinated controls. While immune responses varied among dogs, vaccinees consistently mounted IgG and CD4+ T-cell responses specific to E. chaffeensis throughout the assessment period. Our findings demonstrate that MLAV-mediated immune protection persists for at least one year against wild-type bacterial infection, marking a major advancement in combating this serious tick-borne disease. The data presented here serve as the foundation for further studies, elucidating the molecular mechanisms underlying virulence and vaccine development and aiding in preventing the diseases caused by E. chaffeensis and other tick-borne rickettsial pathogens.
Databáze:	MEDLINE
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